1. Which of the following is the correct sequence of events (from start to finis
ID: 303007 • Letter: 1
Question
1. Which of the following is the correct sequence of events (from start to finish) in cellular fatty acid oxidation?
A. Fatty acid activationà carnitine shuttleà beta-oxidation
B. Beta-oxidationà carnitine shuttleà Fatty acid activation
C. Fatty acid activationà carnitine shuttleà beta-oxidation
D. Carnitine shuttleà Fatty acid activationà beta-oxidation
2. What reaction is catalyzed by lipoprotein lipase, or lipase?
A. Hydrolysis of TAGs into fatty acids and glycerol
B. Hydrolysis of TAGs into amino acids and glycerol
C. Hydrolysis of cholesterol in to fatty acid and water
D. Hydrolysis of cholesterol into acetyl-CoA
3. How do fatty acids of different carbon lengths cross into the mitochondrial matrix for oxidation?
A. Small FAs of 10 carbons or fewer can freely diffuse through the membrane
B. Large FAs are cleaved into two smaller units that are actively transported across the membrane
C. A membrane-bound transferase catalyzes the conversion of long-chain FAs and FA-carnitine esters, which are transported across the membrane via a specific carrier
D. The breakdown of large FAs starts outside the matrix, allowing for the smaller particles to pass easily through the membrane
4. How can any RNA nucleotide be easily distinguished from a DNA nucleotide?
A. RNA nucleotides have a unique phosphodiester bond linkage
B. RNA nucleotides have uracil nitrogenous bases
C. RNA nucleotides have an -OH on the 2’ carbon of the ribose
D. RNA nucleotides cannot be easily distinguished from DNA nucleotides
5. Which of the following statement is true concerning the sequence pTACGTAACGTA?
A. This is an RNA sequence
B. In order to have a more rigid structure in a double-stranded molecule, the sequence given would need more adenosine
C. If the complementary strand were present, the number of purines would be equal to the number of pyrimidines
D. The amount of purines is equal to the amount to pyrimidines
6. Complementary base pairing is considered which level of structure?
A. Secondary
B. Tertiary
C. Quaternary
D. Primary
7. Which of the following is/are required for the polymerization reaction catalyzed by DNA polymerase III?
I. RNA primer
II. DNA primer
III. RNA template
IV. DNA template
V. NTPs
VI. dNTPs
VII. Magnesium
VIII. Calcium
A. II, IV, V, and VII
B. II, IV, VI, and VII
C. I, IV, V, and VIII
D. I, IV, VI, and VII
8. DNA polymerase I, from E. coli, has three different catalytic sites. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
A. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
B. RNA-dependent DNA polymerase
C. DNA-dependent RNA polymerase
D. DNA-dependent DNA polymerase
9. Eukaryotes solve the problem of replicating the ends of their linear chromosomes by:
A. Using a protein as primer
B. Enzyme activity that uses an RNA template and reverse transcription in a series of repeat cycles
C. All of the listed solution
D. Terminal redundancy whereby each end of the chromosome is duplicated allowing recombination
Explanation / Answer
1. Before the fatty acid enters the mitochondria for beta oxidation, it is activated by fatty acyl coA,, then it can be transported into the mitochondria by carnitine where the beta oxidation finally begins. Option A or C are correct (both are same)
2. Lipase degrade triacylglycerides into its constituents glycerol and fatty acid chains. Answer A is correct
3. Mitochondrial membrane is impermeable to fatty acids, carnitine helps in the transfer of fatty acids. Answer C is correct
4. The difference between RNA and DNA is the presence of an hydroxyl group on C-2 in RNA which is absent in DNA. Correct answer is C, although b is correct too but that would be actually true in the case of RNA and DNA sequences not individual nucleotides
5. According to chargaff rule C is the correct statement. In parallel strand there are 5 pyrimidines which would equal number purines in the anti parallel strand. The ratio of the sum of two will be equal to 1
6.. complimentary base pairing is the secondary structure
7.. D is the correct option, DNA polymerase requires RNA primer to start the synthesis of the strand and a complimentary strand to read of tha sequence of the base, dNTPs are the reactants in this cases, these are the nucleotides the polymerase according to the complimentary strand to make the new strand and magnesium is required for the activity of DNA polymerase III
8. A. DNA polymerase I doesn't require a primer as it can synthesis the primer on its own, thus it's a DNA dependent RNA polymerase, using this primer, it makes the new DNA strand, thus it's a RNA dependent DNA polymerase, it uses the parent DNA strand to synthesize the complimentary DNA strand.
9. B is the correct option. Telomerase is the enzyme that uses an in built RNA strand which is complimentary to the ends of the chromosomes to extend in the ends in synthesis which is RNA dependent RNA polymerase.
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