1) in mammal\'s, the egg cell genome is unmethylated compared to the sperm cell

Question

1) in mammal's, the egg cell genome is unmethylated compared to the sperm cell and both are unmethylated compared to a somatic cell. Which cell has the most number of active genes?

2) list two eukaryotic gene regulation mechanisms that don't involve the promoter region?

3) if you were to inactivate DNA polymerase alpha what effect would it have and in what sort of organism?

4) what characteristics distinguish enhancers from other regulatory elements?

5) why don't eukaryotes use attenuation to regulate their genes?

Explanation / Answer

1. DNA methylation is a mechanism to control gene expression in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The genomic DNA is methylated at the promoter region. DNA methylation takes place at cytosine and adenosine residues. DNA methylation leads to compactness of the DNA wrapped around histones and hence makes it unaccessible to transcriptional machinery.

This leads to reduced gene expression. Hence, the egg cell will have maximum number if active genes as it is least methylated.

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