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Volcano Internet Lab

Name __________________________ ID __________________________

Open Netscape Navigator and go to the following web site: http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/. Using the information from this web site, answer the following questions. Use the Back arrow button to return to the main page after accessing information.

Click on Volcano Hazards types and effects

1.Describe in detail six types of hazards associated with volcanoes. To find this information, click on the name of each hazard located under the picture. Use the back button to return to this screen. Keep the descriptions brief; I only want a short summary.

Hazards

1_____________________________________________________________________________

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2_____________________________________________________________________________

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3_____________________________________________________________________________

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4_____________________________________________________________________________

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5 ____________________________________________________________________________

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6____________________________________________________________________________

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II, Answer the following questions about the hazards

7.How/Why do gases form from a volcano?

8. List six gases released from a volcano.

9.What are lava flows?

10.What effect do lava flows have?

11.What are Pyroclastic Flows?

12.How are pyroclastic flows created? What effect do they have?

13. What is Tephra and Ash? What effect does tephra and Ash have?

14.From the above list of hazards. Which one do you think is the most deadliest and why?

1II.From the Types and Effects Page, describe four effects on humans created by volcanic activity.

1.

2.

3.

4.

IV.Use the back button to return to the main page. Click on Location

Under Location, how can we identify the areas most likely to be affected by these hazards before a volcano erupts?

Go to the following website: http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/volc/types.html

List and describe the 1st three types of volcanoes include an example of this type of volcano as well as its location.

Type 1: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Type 2: _____________________________________________________________________________

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Type 3: _____________________________________________________________________________

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Explanation / Answer

Six types of hazards associated with volcanoes are:

7. The volcanic gases are those which are either trapped in the cavities or vesicles of the volcanic rocks or dissolved gases of the magma or gases that emanate directly from the lava or indirectly through groundwater heated by volcanic action.

8. Six gases released from a volcano are: Hydrogen sulfide, Carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, Water Vapor, Carbon Monoxide and Methane.

9. Lava flows are like streams of molten rocks that flows out directly from a volcanic vent or fissures. They are a mass of flowing or solidified lava and how far these flows travel depends on the composition, temperature, silica content and the slope of the land.

10. The biggest effect of lava flows is that it destrys property. Another hazard associated with lava flows is that it can melt ice and snow which in turn can produce flooding. Deaths and injuries from lava flows are not common however the extremely high temperatures of the flows might cause fires and anything that comes in the path of this flows will become encased in a thick layer of rock.

11. Pyro means fire and clastic means fragments. So, a pyroclastic flow is a dense, destructive mass of very hot lava, ash fragments and gases that are explosively ejected during a volcanic eruption and typically flows at great speeds in thick, grey to black turbulent clouds that are close to the ground.

12. Pyroclastic flows are created in explosive volcanic eruptions when a violent expansion of gas shreds the escaping magma into small particles creating what are known as pyroclastic fragments. Pyroclastic flows are dangerous because they are very hot and they travel at high speeds and contain toxic gases.

13. Tephra are the larger rock fragments (ranging from the size of pebbles upto the size of a house or a car) that typically land close to the volcano. Ash is made up of the smaller particles having diameter < 2mm. Tephra and ash pose serious health hazards because inhaling the volcanic ashes can result in respiratory problems.

14. The most deadliest hazard is Lahar. Lahars can occur during a volcanic eruption or years later when the volcanic deposits are remobilized during a period of intense rainfall.

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