A clinical trial is conducted to compare an experimental medication to placebo t

Question

A clinical trial is conducted to compare an experimental medication to placebo to reduce the symptoms of asthma, Two hundred participants are enrolled in the study and randomized to receive either the experimental medication or placebo. The primary outcomes is self reported reduction of symptoms. Among 100 participants who received the experimental medication 38 reported a reduction of symptoms as compared to 21 participants of 100 assigned to placebo. Test if there is a significant difference in the proportions of participants reporting a reduction of symptoms between the experimental and placebo groups. Use a = 0.05. Justify the answer. Explain the five step process.

Explanation / Answer

Among 100 participants who received the experimental medication, 38 reported a reduction of symptoms as: p-hat(ex) = 0.38
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21 participants of 100 assigned to placebo: p-hat(cebo) = 0.21
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Test if there is a significant difference in the proportions of participants reporting a reduction of symptoms between the experimental and placebo groups.
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Ho: p(ex)-p(cebo) = 0

Ha: p(ex)- p(cebo)is not zero
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Use a 5% level of significance.
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CV: +-1.96
Test stat: z(0.38-0.21)/sqrt[(0.21*0.79/100 + 0.38*0.62/100)] = 42.34
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Since the Test Statistic is in the reject interval, reject Ho.

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