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help please! In 1968 Schachter conducted a research study examining the relation

ID: 2949195 • Letter: H

Question

help please!

In 1968 Schachter conducted a research study examining the relationship between behavior and body weight. The two factors in this study were:

a.The participant’s weight (normal or obese)

b.The participant’s state of hunger (full stomach, empty stomach).

All participants were led to believe that they were taking part in a taste test for several

types of crackers, and they were allowed to eat as many crackers as they wanted.

Schachter made two predictions: (1) He predicted that normal participant’s eating

behavior would be determined by their state of hunger (i.e. people with empty stomachs

would eat more and people with full stomachs would eat less).  (2) He predicted that

eating behavior for obese participants would not be related to their state of hunger (i.e.

obese people would eat the same amount, regardless of how hungry they were). Note

that Schachter predicted an interaction: He predicted that the effect of hunger would be

different for the normal participants and the obese participants.

Factor B: Hunger

Factor A: Weight

Empty stomach

Full stomach

Normal

n = 20

M = 22

T = 440

SS = 1540

n = 20

M = 15

T = 300

SS = 1270

TNormal= 740

Obese

n = 20

M = 17

T = 340

SS = 1320

n = 20

M = 18

T = 360

SS = 1260

TObese= 700

TEmpty = 780

TFull = 660

G = 1440

N = 80

?X2 =    31,836

ANOVA Summary Table

Source

df

MS

Fcrit

Fobt

Between treatments

Factor A (weight)

Factor B (fullness)

A X B interaction

3

  1

  1

  1

20.0

180.0

320.0

FA

FB

FAxB

FA(1,76) = 0.28

FB (1,76) = 2.54

FAxB (1,76) = 4.51

Within treatments

76

71.0

Total

79

2.State the independent and dependent variable(s).

3.What is the appropriate test for this study? Justify your answer.

4.State all null hypotheses.

5.Take us through part D of the A-B-C-D format. (Use ? = .05).  Be sure to compare Fcritto all three Fobtand draw the appropriate conclusions, including discussion of main effects and interactions. Note that Fobthas been provided.

Factor B: Hunger

Factor A: Weight

Empty stomach

Full stomach

Normal

n = 20

M = 22

T = 440

SS = 1540

n = 20

M = 15

T = 300

SS = 1270

TNormal= 740

Obese

n = 20

M = 17

T = 340

SS = 1320

n = 20

M = 18

T = 360

SS = 1260

TObese= 700

TEmpty = 780

TFull = 660

G = 1440

N = 80

?X2 =    31,836

Explanation / Answer

From given information of Schachter two predictions, We say that

2) State of Hunger is Independent variable and Weight is a dependent variable.

3) For checking dependency between State of Hunnger and Weight we use chi-square test.

But in given chi square table cell frequencies are same (20) for all cell, So here we use Two-way ANOVA test for dependency.

4) Hypothesis:

Null hypothesis : H01 = Both the weight groups have same stress on average of eating crackers.

  H02 = Both the Hunger groups have same stress on average of eating crackers.

And

H03 = Two factors are independent or That interaction effect not present.

5)

From table of Two-Way ANOVA. we see the value of Fobt , compaire these value with Fcritical .

Here we see that For Weight and Hunger Fobt < Fcritical . So we accept null hypothesis. That is Both the weight groups and Hunger groups have same stress on average of eating crackers.

And we see that for Interaction Weight*Hunger Fobt > Fcritical . So we reject Null hypothesis. That is two factors are dependent or That interaction effect present.

Factor Fobt Fcritical Comparision Weight 0.28 F1,76 = 3.92 Fobt < Fcritical Hunger 2.54 F1,76 = 3.92 Fobt < Fcritical Weight*Hunger 4.51 F1,76 = 3.92 Fobt > Fcritical