1. When water moves across the surface of the earth, a large number of effects a
ID: 292920 • Letter: 1
Question
1. When water moves across the surface of the earth, a large number of effects are generated. These are called ______________ processes. (fill in the blank)
2. Which of the following is NOT an process that causes erosion?
(A. Running water.) (B. Glaciers) (C. Wind) (D. Gravity) (E. Volcanoes)
3. Match these concepts to the correct term
This determines the size and weight of the objects in a stream bed that can be carried or moved by water.
[ Choose ] Stream Cross Section Stream Velocity Stream Discharge
This is the amount of water that is flowing past a single point in a stream.
[ Choose ] Stream Cross Section Stream Velocity Stream Discharge
This is the size of the stream bed
[ Choose ] Stream Cross Section Stream Velocity Stream Discharge
4.
The ability of a stream (any flow of water in a channel) to erode the landscape is dependent on two things: its velocity (speed of water flow, usually expressed in feet per second [fps]) and its discharge(the volume of water flowing down a channel per unit of time, usually expressed in cubic feet per second [cfs]). Velocity determines the power water to pick up material (silt, sand and rocks), while discharge determines the total amount of material (quantity) a stream can carry.
Discharge (symbolized by Q) can be measured in a stream channel by calculating the cross-sectional area (width and depth or w and d) of a stream and multiplying it by the stream’s velocity (v):
Q=wdv
The relationship between discharge and velocity, depth, and width means that changing one of the variables will lead to changes in the others. The discharge equation can be rearranged in several ways:
Q = A * V
Q = W * D * V
A = Q/V
V = Q/A
V = Q/(W * D)
W = Q/(V * D)
D = Q/(V * W)
4. What is the average velocity (V) of a stream in feet per second (fps) with a discharge (Q) of 1563 (cubic feet per second or cfs) and a cross-sectional area (A) of 351square feet? ______________
5. What is the average velocity (V) of a stream in feet per second (fps) with a discharge (Q) of 10994 (cubic feet per second or cfs) and a cross-sectional area (A) of 4664square feet? ______________
6. If a stream with a discharge of 56577 flows at a velocity of 726 feet per second through a channel that is 200 feet wide. What is the average depth of that channel?
7. During a flood in 1986, the American River had a record discharge of 134,000 cfs with a velocity of 10 fps and a channel width of 750 feet. What was the average depth? __________________________ feet'
8. The American River typically has a discharge of about 3000 cfs with a channel width of 300 feet and an average depth of 4 feet. What is the velocity of the river under these conditions? ____________fps
9. The Mississippi River near New Orleans has a peak discharge of about 1,000,000 cfs with a channel width of 2500 feet and an average depth of 40 feet. What is the velocity under these conditions?
__________ fps
Explanation / Answer
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