Executive compensation has risen dramatically beyond the rising levels of an ave
ID: 2928510 • Letter: E
Question
Executive compensation has risen dramatically beyond the rising levels of an average worker’s wage over the years. This has been a hot topic for discussion, especially with the crisis in the financial sector and the controversy over the federal bailout. The government is even considering a cap on highflying salaries for executives (New York Times, February 9, 2009). Consider the following data, which link total compensation of the 455 highest-paid CEOs in 2006 with two performance measures (industry-adjusted return on assets (Adj ROA) and industry-adjusted stock return (Adj Stock Return)) and the firm’s size (Total Assets). The data, labeled Executive Compensation, are available on the text website.
The excel data file is on my laptop but im not sure how to attach a file. Please help with this problem! :) thanks so much!!!!!
Executive compensation has risen dramatically beyond the rising levels of an average worker’s wage over the years. This has been a hot topic for discussion, especially with the crisis in the financial sector and the controversy over the federal bailout. The government is even considering a cap on highflying salaries for executives (New York Times, February 9, 2009). Consider the following data, which link total compensation of the 455 highest-paid CEOs in 2006 with two performance measures (industry-adjusted return on assets (Adj ROA) and industry-adjusted stock return (Adj Stock Return)) and the firm’s size (Total Assets). The data, labeled Executive Compensation, are available on the text website.
50 5500 50 0 5 05 05 5 5550 5 0 0 0 918851397230149415147568929 377-.. 3 1 5 3, 1 7 1 8 1309.. 9 3 8 2 3 5 0 4 7 4 6 8 6 40 1 et 5 1 9 3 2 2 2 1 6 23938 6 0 8 3004 TA7128413211313-S4896719-12-14281542121211961-51214342 336 05 9 4 4 7 9 4 16 72 6 2 34 2 03 9 2 9 7 4722358622662685 AR-112000-000132000110-11-011001102001-2110310001221200101 ernse 5814708040931273575) 5 9 9 9 5 6 3 8 5 7 8 9 8 1 3 7 3 3 374404076332098 439065322 3 8 9 4 1 5 3 6 2 0 1 3 7 8 5 8 8 4 6 7 1 6 6 0 0 5 6 2 4 3 1 0 7 9 1 096559191 2776759729792794189228469545975) 9 4 3 5 7 8 3 8 3 8 4 6 7 9 9 7 6 9 2 12 esn C00000000000000000-000001000200100001100100000210000- 2 0 5 5 50 050 27 2 0 04 :5 18 50005 0 0 5 0 03,48043 0555.00 5 5 1 6 7 5 0 9 5 4 5 1 6 4 2 3 7 3 0 0 3 5 6 8 5 9 3 0 7 2 0 4 5 6 3 7 7 7 9 5 3 0 1 5 0 9 1597438 1 A4522 1 8 5 1 3 3 8 3 6 4 2 2 3 1 3 5 1 1 1 1 4 1 2 6 2 3 5 4 7 3 1 6 1 3 4 1 5 2 3 9 3 3 9 2 2 2 1 1 3 asa 15-1873 si AR-21000-0001111211011510-012-01-000030140010110110101201 3 257 ris lly en ue AR016-06000000101-00003460102100-0124-00031022001010101110 5 528 269 91030145 490348157, 8 7 1 7 5 1 18 19 783255627 C15163-6230141124193831821110133291106314132100001002 555 005 .5 5 5 0 .5 5 0 5 5 0 0 0 13 5 9 7 3 9 4 8 0 0 2 0 0 05005300550555 5.0 71 35 62 55 60 I et 1 5 8 0 7 1 2 4 8 3 3 1 5 6 9 5 3 8 0 1 0 0 7 1 5 2 6 4 7 6 5 9 5 6 5 6 1 3 4 4 9 8 9 6 1 0576102 2090, 3 4 6 5 0 0 6 7 5, 3 .. 4 90,9 5, 5 5 7 4 4. 7 1 3 0 9 0987231 1 2 6 2 8 9 5 0 9 7 3 ? TA2365-142563283431121113129-331621132285412485111-211 1.002,5 0249 1860102 de.. 5 2 2 ) 2 0 7 5 5 1 0 0 4 3 7 2 9 1 1 5 4 8 9 0 3 1 48146 12764 AR-0011-01-1. 0 0 0 0 3 5 2 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 2 2 0 0 1 0 2 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 59 277138539899 4 4 2 4 1 3 3 8 3 4 3 8 3 4 1 0 3 1 7 8 4 3 2 0 9 6 7 7 338 59814202145) 6 3 3 3 6 8 9 8 9 2 2 2 1 0 2 2 0 4 9 6 2 6 0 3 7 7 5 7 2 2 6 3 0 2 4 8 2 6 1 5 421795) 0 6 4 3 3 3 1 3 4 9 7 1 7 4 3 9 2 5 5 6 3 2 0 4 4 5243862723838 C-2103128101001100203101202021000000060000610002010-0Explanation / Answer
SUMMARY OUTPUT
Regression Statistics
Multiple R
0.019379941
R Square
0.000375582
Adjusted R Square
-0.001831094
Standard Error
9.793826656
Observations
455
ANOVA
df
SS
MS
F
Significance F
Regression
1
16.32567219
16.32567219
0.170202622
0.680126971
Residual
453
43451.32538
95.91904057
Total
454
43467.65105
Coefficients
Standard Error
t Stat
P-value
Lower 95%
Upper 95%
Intercept
10.13119918
0.651427766
15.55229866
5.1947E-44
8.851003842
11.41139452
Adj ROA
0.190638595
0.462091208
0.412556204
0.680126971
-0.717469779
1.098746969
SUMMARY OUTPUT
Regression Statistics
Multiple R
0.048650603
R Square
0.002366881
Adjusted R Square
0.000164601
Standard Error
9.78406691
Observations
455
ANOVA
df
SS
MS
F
Significance F
Regression
1
102.8827667
102.8827667
1.074740974
0.300430086
Residual
453
43364.76828
95.7279653
Total
454
43467.65105
Coefficients
Standard Error
t Stat
P-value
Lower 95%
Upper 95%
Intercept
9.925267864
0.597267197
16.61780174
9.14058E-49
8.751509668
11.09902606
Adj Returns
0.396543429
0.38250653
1.036697147
0.300430086
-0.355163977
1.148250834
SUMMARY OUTPUT
Regression Statistics
Multiple R
0.394999269
R Square
0.156024422
Adjusted R Square
0.154161341
Standard Error
8.999096829
Observations
455
ANOVA
df
SS
MS
F
Significance F
Regression
1
6782.015136
6782.015136
83.74538917
1.93087E-18
Residual
453
36685.63591
80.98374374
Total
454
43467.65105
Coefficients
Standard Error
t Stat
P-value
Lower 95%
Upper 95%
Intercept
9.1856603
0.439773861
20.88723575
2.38064E-68
8.321410302
10.0499103
Total Assets
2.65808E-05
2.90461E-06
9.151250689
1.93087E-18
2.08726E-05
3.2289E-05
SUMMARY OUTPUT
Regression Statistics
Multiple R
0.050721067
R Square
0.002572627
Adjusted R Square
-0.001840769
Standard Error
9.793873944
Observations
455
ANOVA
df
SS
MS
F
Significance F
Regression
2
111.8260391
55.91301954
0.582913249
0.558688729
Residual
452
43355.82501
95.91996684
Total
454
43467.65105
Coefficients
Standard Error
t Stat
P-value
Lower 95%
Upper 95%
Intercept
9.795739396
0.733068848
13.36264584
1.47496E-34
8.355093277
11.23638551
Adj ROA
0.141885431
0.46466941
0.305347043
0.760242414
-0.771295076
1.055065937
Adj Returns
0.384181317
0.38502438
0.997810363
0.318905189
-0.372478689
1.140841323
SUMMARY OUTPUT
Regression Statistics
Multiple R
0.401
R Square
0.160
Adjusted R Square
0.157
Standard Error
8.985
Observations
455.000
ANOVA
df
SS
MS
F
Significance F
Regression
2
6974.000166
3487.000083
43.18899314
6.84791E-18
Residual
452
36493.65088
80.73816567
Total
454
43467.65105
Coefficients
Standard Error
t Stat
P-value
Lower 95%
Upper 95%
Intercept
8.505
0.623
13.655
0.000
7.281
9.729
Adj ROA
0.658
0.427
1.542
0.124
-0.181
1.497
Total Assets
0.000
0.000
9.283
0.000
0.000
0.000
SUMMARY OUTPUT
Regression Statistics
Multiple R
0.401
R Square
0.160
Adjusted R Square
0.157
Standard Error
8.986
Observations
455
ANOVA
df
SS
MS
F
Significance F
Regression
2
6973.394545
3486.697272
43.18452595
6.87364E-18
Residual
452
36494.2565
80.73950554
Total
454
43467.65105
Coefficients
Standard Error
t Stat
P-value
Lower 95%
Upper 95%
Intercept
8.64
0.57
15.26
0.00
7.52
9.75
Total Assets
0.00
0.00
9.22
0.00
0.00
0.00
Adj Returns
0.54
0.35
1.54
0.12
-0.15
1.23
a-1)
Adj ROA: se: 9.79, r^2: 0.0003
Adj Return: se: 9.78, r^2: 0.002
Total Assets: se: 9, r^2: 0.156
a-2)
Model 3
b-1)
Adj ROA & Adj Returns: se: 9.79, r^2: 0.00257
Adj ROA & Total Assets: se: 8.985, r^2: 0.1604
Total Assets & Adj Returns: se: 8.985, r^2: 0.1604
All 3 variables: se: 8.976, r^2: 0.1640
b-2)
Model 4
SUMMARY OUTPUT
Regression Statistics
Multiple R
0.019379941
R Square
0.000375582
Adjusted R Square
-0.001831094
Standard Error
9.793826656
Observations
455
ANOVA
df
SS
MS
F
Significance F
Regression
1
16.32567219
16.32567219
0.170202622
0.680126971
Residual
453
43451.32538
95.91904057
Total
454
43467.65105
Coefficients
Standard Error
t Stat
P-value
Lower 95%
Upper 95%
Intercept
10.13119918
0.651427766
15.55229866
5.1947E-44
8.851003842
11.41139452
Adj ROA
0.190638595
0.462091208
0.412556204
0.680126971
-0.717469779
1.098746969
SUMMARY OUTPUT
Regression Statistics
Multiple R
0.048650603
R Square
0.002366881
Adjusted R Square
0.000164601
Standard Error
9.78406691
Observations
455
ANOVA
df
SS
MS
F
Significance F
Regression
1
102.8827667
102.8827667
1.074740974
0.300430086
Residual
453
43364.76828
95.7279653
Total
454
43467.65105
Coefficients
Standard Error
t Stat
P-value
Lower 95%
Upper 95%
Intercept
9.925267864
0.597267197
16.61780174
9.14058E-49
8.751509668
11.09902606
Adj Returns
0.396543429
0.38250653
1.036697147
0.300430086
-0.355163977
1.148250834
SUMMARY OUTPUT
Regression Statistics
Multiple R
0.394999269
R Square
0.156024422
Adjusted R Square
0.154161341
Standard Error
8.999096829
Observations
455
ANOVA
df
SS
MS
F
Significance F
Regression
1
6782.015136
6782.015136
83.74538917
1.93087E-18
Residual
453
36685.63591
80.98374374
Total
454
43467.65105
Coefficients
Standard Error
t Stat
P-value
Lower 95%
Upper 95%
Intercept
9.1856603
0.439773861
20.88723575
2.38064E-68
8.321410302
10.0499103
Total Assets
2.65808E-05
2.90461E-06
9.151250689
1.93087E-18
2.08726E-05
3.2289E-05
SUMMARY OUTPUT
Regression Statistics
Multiple R
0.050721067
R Square
0.002572627
Adjusted R Square
-0.001840769
Standard Error
9.793873944
Observations
455
ANOVA
df
SS
MS
F
Significance F
Regression
2
111.8260391
55.91301954
0.582913249
0.558688729
Residual
452
43355.82501
95.91996684
Total
454
43467.65105
Coefficients
Standard Error
t Stat
P-value
Lower 95%
Upper 95%
Intercept
9.795739396
0.733068848
13.36264584
1.47496E-34
8.355093277
11.23638551
Adj ROA
0.141885431
0.46466941
0.305347043
0.760242414
-0.771295076
1.055065937
Adj Returns
0.384181317
0.38502438
0.997810363
0.318905189
-0.372478689
1.140841323
SUMMARY OUTPUT
Regression Statistics
Multiple R
0.401
R Square
0.160
Adjusted R Square
0.157
Standard Error
8.985
Observations
455.000
ANOVA
df
SS
MS
F
Significance F
Regression
2
6974.000166
3487.000083
43.18899314
6.84791E-18
Residual
452
36493.65088
80.73816567
Total
454
43467.65105
Coefficients
Standard Error
t Stat
P-value
Lower 95%
Upper 95%
Intercept
8.505
0.623
13.655
0.000
7.281
9.729
Adj ROA
0.658
0.427
1.542
0.124
-0.181
1.497
Total Assets
0.000
0.000
9.283
0.000
0.000
0.000
SUMMARY OUTPUT
Regression Statistics
Multiple R
0.401
R Square
0.160
Adjusted R Square
0.157
Standard Error
8.986
Observations
455
ANOVA
df
SS
MS
F
Significance F
Regression
2
6973.394545
3486.697272
43.18452595
6.87364E-18
Residual
452
36494.2565
80.73950554
Total
454
43467.65105
Coefficients
Standard Error
t Stat
P-value
Lower 95%
Upper 95%
Intercept
8.64
0.57
15.26
0.00
7.52
9.75
Total Assets
0.00
0.00
9.22
0.00
0.00
0.00
Adj Returns
0.54
0.35
1.54
0.12
-0.15
1.23
a-1)
Adj ROA: se: 9.79, r^2: 0.0003
Adj Return: se: 9.78, r^2: 0.002
Total Assets: se: 9, r^2: 0.156
a-2)
Model 3
b-1)
Adj ROA & Adj Returns: se: 9.79, r^2: 0.00257
Adj ROA & Total Assets: se: 8.985, r^2: 0.1604
Total Assets & Adj Returns: se: 8.985, r^2: 0.1604
All 3 variables: se: 8.976, r^2: 0.1640
b-2)
Model 4
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