This question is about all persons of age 21 years or above in a country. The pe

Question

This question is about all persons of age 21 years or above in a country. The percentage of university graduates among the young adults (age 21 to 44 years) is 40%, meaning among the young adults, 40% are university graduates. Also, the percentage of university graduates among the old adults (age 45 years or more) is 15%. Which of the following can be concluded by applying the consistency rule?

(I) The percentage of young adults among the university graduates is higher than the percentage of old adults among the university graduates.

(II) The percentage of young adults among the non-university graduates is lower than the percentage of young adults among the university graduates.

(A) Both (I) and (II). (B) (I) only.
(C) (II) only.
(D) Neither (I) nor (II).

EXPLAIN YOUR ANSWERS

Explanation / Answer

(I) This statement cannot be concluded because we dont know the proportion of the young and old adults in the population. For example let there be 10 young adults, in that case the number of young university graduates would be 4 as 40% of them are university graduates. Now if number of old adults is 40, then the number of old adults university graduates would be 0.15*40 = 6

Therefore the percentage of young adults among the university graduates is lower than the percentage of old adults among the university graduates in this particular case. Therefore we cannot conclude here that adults among the university graduates is higher than the percentage of old adults among the university graduates.

(II) Now again there could be same explanation used here. In the above example we can have suppose 40 young adults in which case the number of university graduates young adults would be 0.4*40 = 16 and therefore there would be 24 young adults who are not university graduates.

Similarly when the number of old adults is 20 there would be 20*0.15 = 3 graduates and 17 non graduates but still 24 > 17 and therefore percentage of young adults among the non-university graduates is higher than the percentage of young adults among the university graduates. and therefore we cannot conclude that percentage of young adults among the non-university graduates is lower than the percentage of young adults among the university graduates.

Therefore D) Neither (I) nor (II) is the correct answer here.

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