Assuming the thickness (range in height) of the ozone layer is about 20 km, esti

Question

Assuming the thickness (range in height) of the ozone layer is about 20 km, estimate the average number density (in molecules per cm3) of the ozone molecules. (=> Ans_1a) Estimate the transmission of sun light (in %) through the ozone layer at 310 nm and at 300 nm at the noon of the day of summer solstice (=> Ans_1b) and winter solstice (=> Ans_1c) at Taipei city (latitude25.0 longitude121.5). How is the ozone hole formed? Describe the chemical processes. Explain why the chemical processes are so efficient such that almost all the ozone molecules in the ozone hole are destroyed? (=> Ans_1d)

Explanation / Answer

Ans_1a=>

Number Density- 2.687*10^19*300/20*10^5

= 403.05*10^15 molecules per cm^3

Ans_1b=> TrasmiTransm of sunlight= 2*300/310+300

=98%

Ans_1d=> the ozone hole is more a thinning of the ozone layer than a real hole. It occurs every spring above Antarctica since the end of the 1970s. The chemistry of the ozone hole formation at the poles is somewhat different than at higher latitude. The different key ingredients are the polar vertex, polar stratospheric clouds, chlorine and UV radiation.

Stratospheric ozone is destroyed by chlorine contained in certain chemicals. Many of these chemicals called, chlorofluorocarbons CFCs, were widely used until 1980 in spray cans, plastic foams, refrigerators and firefighting equipments. CFCs remain intact in lower atmosphere and eventually drift into the startosphere. There they are break sodo by UV radiations. Millions of tons of chlorine atoms have been released, each one able to destroy thousands of ozone molecules before It sinks down to the troposphere.

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