4. Which statement about the pressure gradient force is true? a) It is directed

Question

4. Which statement about the pressure gradient force is true? a) It is directed from low to high pressure everywhere on earth. b) It is directed at a 90­degree angle to isobars. c) It is larger when the isobars are further apart. d) It is balanced by friction at high altitudes. e) All of the above are correct. 5. Where is the pressure gradient force directed from higher pressure toward lower pressure? a) only at the equator b) at all places on earth c) only in the Northern Hemisphere d) only in the Southern Hemisphere e) at all places on earth except for the equator 6. The ________acts to the right of air motion in the Northern Hemisphere. a) Coriolis force b) frictional force c) gravitational force d) vertical pressure gradient force e) horizontal pressure gradient force 7. The Coriolis force is: a) zero at the equator. b) due to the rotation of the earth c) stronger when the winds are faster, except at the equator. d) Only (b) and (c) are correct. e) (a), (b) and (c) are correct. 8. The Coriolis force: a) is always a maximum at the equator. b) weakens as winds increase until all forces come into balance. c) is always directed to the right of the motion in the Northern Hemisphere. d) is always directed from lower pressure to higher pressure, opposite the pressure gradient force. 9. The _________ is an apparent force associated with the rotation of the earth. a) Coriolis force b) frictional force c) gravitational force d) vertical pressure gradient force e) horizontal pressure gradient force 10. The type of turbulence that develops when wind speed changes rapidly with height is: a) thermal turbulence b) political turbulence c) adiabatic turbulence d) mechanical turbulence e) shear­induced turbulence 11. Which of the following leads to turbulent mixing in the lower atmosphere? a) thermal turbulence b) mechanical turbulence c) shear­induced turbulence d) only (a) and (b) are correct. e) (a), (b) and (c) are all correct. 12. All air on Earth has angular momentum, except for what location(s)? a) the north pole b) the south pole c) the equator d) Both (a) and (b) are correct. e) (a), (b), and (c) are all correct. 13. How does Newton’s first law of motion relate to the atmosphere? a) air molecules moving in the atmosphere will continue to move at a constant speed in a straight line as long as no force is exerted on the molecules b) an increase in internal energy of air molecules is equal to the amount of energy added by heating minus the energy lost as a result of work done by molecules c) the energy radiated by a cloud is directly proportional to the fourth power of the clouds temperature, assuming it is a blackbody. 14. Which of Newton’s laws relates the force exerted on an object to its acceleration? a) First law of motion b) Second law of motion c) Third law of motion 15. Which statement is false? a) Air initially moves horizontally in response to the pressure gradient force. b) The frictional force is directed opposite the direction of air motion. c) The Coriolis force is directed to the right of the air motion in the Northern Hemisphere. d) The gravitational force is directed opposite the air motion in the Northern Hemisphere. 16. The atmosphere is typically in hydrostatic balance everywhere in the atmosphere except which location? a) the poles b) the equator c) thunderstorms d) strong high­pressure systems 17. When the Coriolis force balances the _________ the air is in geostrophic balance. a) Coriolis force b) frictional force c) gravitational force d) vertical pressure gradient force e) horizontal pressure gradient force 18. What two forces are in balance when geostrophic balance is achieved? a) The Coriolis force balances the gravitational force. b) The frictional force balances the gravitational force. c) The vertical pressure gradient force balances the frictional force. d) The horizontal pressure gradient force balances the Coriolis force. e) The gravitational force balances the vertical pressure gradient force. 19. Air through a trough flows _____________. a) clockwise b) cyclonically c) anticyclonically 20. What is the term used to describe a narrow band of strong winds encircling the Earth in middle­latitudes? a) cyclone b) jetstream c) jetstreak d) storm system 21. Jetstreams in the upper troposphere are found above ________ in the lower troposphere. a) fronts b) heavy rain c) clear skies d) high­pressure systems

Explanation / Answer

4) The change in pressure measured across a given distance is called a "pressure gradient".

The pressure gradient results in a net force that is directed from high to low pressure and this force is called the "pressure gradient force".

So the answer will be

a) It is directed from low to high pressure everywhere on earth.

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