With a more elliptical orbit (ellipticity = 0.020), Earth was 1.466x108 km from

Question

With a more elliptical orbit (ellipticity = 0.020), Earth was 1.466x108 km from the sun at perihelion. Calculate Earth’s solar constant (in Wm–2) at perihelion during the Late Glacial Maximum. (use the necessary equation(s) from attached sheet)

EQUATIONS AND CONSTANTS Inverse Square Law: Eu d E2 d where E irradiance Wm d distance between two bodies Stephan-Boltzmann's Law: For a blackbody: E -OT4 where T temperature (K) Average irradiance for a spherical, rotating planet that is not a blackbody: 4EOT4 where a albedo E emissivity Wien's Law 2897 (uk) MAKE T (K) where NMAX wavelength at which maximum emission of radiation occurs Planck's Law: Cern)-1 where cl and c2 are constants, is wavelength and Tis temperature ce on a horizontal surface (ER: Irradian EH-Eet, siny Eet Cosz where v is the elevation angle (or altitude) of the sun, Zis the sun's zenith angle, is the transmissivity, and E is the solar constant Irradiance of a sphere: W Radiant Flux. [W] Irradiance 4r it [m ml where r is the radius of the emitting body. Speed of light: c wavelength x frequency

Explanation / Answer

Answer:

This can be solve by using following inverse square law:

(E1/E2)= (D21/D22)

Where, E1=Average solar constant at present(1388Wm-2), E2=solar constant at last glacial maximum, D1= Distance of perihelion between sun and earth at present(1.475*108), D2= Distance of perihelion between sun and earth at last glacial maximum(1.466*108).

Therefore, after solving above equation, we get E2= 1371.54 Wm-2

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