For pipelines to be built in arctic area, what special measures need to be taken
ID: 283888 • Letter: F
Question
For pipelines to be built in arctic area, what special measures need to be taken to protect the pipelines? What was the largest oil spill in the US history? What were the details of the spill? What were the environmental consequences? On the average, what is the amount of spill happening every month in the world? What are the three major methods of buying crude oil today? Define the methods. What was Big Inch? What was Little Big Inch? What were they used for? What's the general process of a refinery?Explanation / Answer
1 special measures need to be taken to protect the pipelines are in the following ways a. Cathodic protection (CP) is a method to control corrosion by using a direct electrical current which neutralizes external corrosion typically associated with metal pipe b.Coatings and linings are applied to pipelines whether above or below ground and often are used in combination with cathodic protection. c. Corrosion inhibitors are compounds which when added to the upstream pipeline can inhibit the corrosion of carbon and low-alloy steels which are commonly used because of their cost effectiveness. d. Pipeline material used will also significantly influence corrosion. Using materials like plastic, stainless steel or special alloys can enhance the lifetime of the pipeline, while steel or steel reinforced concrete is subject to corrosion
2.ans the largest oil spill in the us history is Lakeview Gusher. The 9-million-barrels (1.4×10^6 m3) geyser released more than 1.2 million US tons of crude, far more than any other single leak on land or water.
3 ans The three methods of buying crude oil today are in the following ways
a.United States Oil Fund (USO)
b.Velocity shares 3X long crude oil (UWTI)
c.stocks
d.Sunoco (SUN)
4 ans
big inch -a very long oil or gas pipeline 24 inches in diameter
small inch-a very long oil or gas pipeline 2o inches in diameter
they are used to transport any liquid medium from one place to another place by using pipelines
5 ans The general process of refinery is oil refinery or petroleum refinery
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