1) What does ‘cradle-to-grave’ mean, in terms of analyzing the impacts of any te
ID: 283284 • Letter: 1
Question
1) What does ‘cradle-to-grave’ mean, in terms of analyzing the impacts of any technology?
Select one:
a. The process of accounting for the externalities caused by producing wind power, including those that affect humans and those that affect other organisms
b. The responsibility for marketing toys to children in hopes they will become buyers in the future
c. The process for determining the inputs, outputs and the potential environmental impacts of a product system throughout its life cycle
d. An analysis of the impacts of lumber production and home building e. The process for disposing of appliances and other electronic waste.
2) List three (3) of the environmental burdens of coal-burning power plants in terms of "upstream processes".
3) In the process of creating a life cycle analysis, certain steps should be followed in order. Which of the following shows the correct order, according to the NREL wind harmonization fact sheet?
a. Operational processes, downstream processes, upstream processes
b. Upstream processes, operational processes, downstream processes
c. Upstream processes, downstream processes, operational processes
d. Operational processes, upstream processes, downstream processes
4) Siemans breaks down their LCA process into more specific steps. Starting with manufacturing of the Siemans onshore wind power plant, the steps of the Siemans life cycle analysis includes all but which of the following:
Select one:
a. Transportation
b. Operation and maintenance
c. Energy consumption
d. Combustion processes
e. Materials, manufacturing of the main parts
f. Installation
g. Dismantling, recycling, disposal at the end-of-life
5) According to the Siemans brochure, how many of these Siemans onshore wind power plants would it take to produce the same amount of CO2 emissions as one fossil fuel power production system?
a. 173
b. 273
c. 100
d. 86.5
e. 8.65
6) During its lifetime, the Siemans onshore wind power plant is estimated to produce 47 percent more energy than it consumes. That suggests an 'energy efficiency ratio' of _______. Please enter only a number
7) Which one of the material groups of the Siemans onshore wind power plant produces the highest amount of CO2 equivalents?
8) The Siemans analysis of their onshore wind power plant sets system boundaries that include vertical and horizontal space. If we add inputs, outputs, flows of matter and energy, etc., we might think of this system as an _______system.
Explanation / Answer
1. c. The process for determining the inputs, outputs and the potential environmental impacts of a product system throughout its life cycle.
2. production of CO2 ,methane and nitrous oxide ,these gases have very bad impact on atmosphere.
3.b ) b. Upstream processes, operational processes, downstream processes
4. d) d. Combustion processes is not a part of life cycle process of siemans.
The lifecycle of siemans has been divided into five main stages:
Other relevant transport activities and energy consumption were also included included in each life cycle stage.
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