Use a separate sheet of paper to type out all answers and staple together. A geo
ID: 283133 • Letter: U
Question
Use a separate sheet of paper to type out all answers and staple together. A geologist found a sequence of rocks in which 200-million- year old shales were on top of 100-million- year old sandstones. Hypothesize how this could happen? Explain how pieces of granite and slate could be found in the same piece of conglomerate? Four elements make up most of the rocks in the Earth's crust. They are: oxygen, 46.6%, silicon, 27.7%, aluminum, 8.1 percent, and Iron, 5%. What might you infer from the low amount of iron? Suppose you found a white mineral with a glassy, nonmetallic luster that was harder than calcite. You identify the sample as quartz. What are your observations? What is your conclusion? Identify a mineral with these properties: pink color, nonmetallic and glassy luster, softer than topaz and quartz, scratches apatite, harder than fluorite, has cleavage, and is scratched by a steel file. What is the mineral name? What is its hardness? Mudflows in the southern California hills are usually preceded by a dry summer and widespread fires followed by torrential rainfall. Explain why. The Himalayan mountains are located on a boundary between two colliding tectonic plates. Would most of the metamorphic rock in that area occur in small patches or wide regions? How do you know?Explanation / Answer
1. Erosion moves sediments to a new locatio or you may say a new layer, where they then are deposited. Here, layer upon layer of sediment builds up.The size of the shales and sandstone is different. Pressure from the upper layers pushes down on the lower layers. If the sediments are small, they can stick together and form solid rock.If the particle size size of one material is small it slides down. This process is called compaction.
Shale which is clay ,its size is < 0.004 mm
Sandstone size is 0.063–2 mm
hence we know shale is a detrital sedimentary rock which is made up of mainly claysized particles. By the process of compaction ,clay-sized sediments are compacted together by pressure from overlying layers.
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