SPOTLIGHT Hormonal Reguation of Female Reprodu Figure 28-24 The ovarian and uter
ID: 281570 • Letter: S
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SPOTLIGHT Hormonal Reguation of Female Reprodu Figure 28-24 The ovarian and uterine cycles must operate in synchrony to ensure proper reproductive function. If the two cycles are not properly coordinated, infertility results. A female who doesn't ovulate cannot conceive, even if her uterus is perfectly normal. A female who ovulates normally, but whose uterus is not ready to support an embryo, will also be infertile. HYPOTHALAMUS As in males, GnRH from Release of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) regulates reproductive function in females. However, in females, GnRH levels change throughout the course of the ovarian cycle. The cycle begins with the release of GnRH which stimulates the production and secretion of FSH and the production- but nat the secretion-of LH Release of GnRH 3 Follicular Phase of the Ovarian Cycle ANTERIOR LOBE OF Luteal Phase of the Ovarian Cycle The combination of increasecd GnRH pulse frequency and elevated estrogen levels stimulates LH secretion ProductionPITUITARY Production The follicular phase begins when FSH stimulates growth and and secretion of LH of FSH of a group of tertiary ovarian folicles. Usually only one follicle becomes dominant. Secretion of LH On or around day 14, a massive surge in LH level triggers (1) the completion of meiosis I by the primary oocyte, (2) the forceful rupture of the follicular wall, (3) ovulation, roughly 9 hours atter the LH peak, and (4) formation of the corpus luteum. As tertiary ovarian follicles develop, FSH levels decline due to the negative feedback effects of inhibin. Neg Developing ovarian follicles also secrete estrogens,especially estradiol, the dominant hormone prior to ovulation. After day 10 The corpus luteum secretes progesterone, which stimulates and sustains endometrial development day 10 Meisois In low concentrations, estrogens nhibit LH secretion. This nhibition gradually decreases as estrogen levels increase Ovarian follicle Ovulation Corpus luteum formation After ovulation, progesterone levels rise and estrogen levels fall This suppresses GnRH secretion If pregnancy does not occur, the corpus luteum will degenerate after 12 days, and as progesterone levels decrease, GnRH secretion increases, and a new cycle begins. . Secretion of nhibin .Secretion of Secretion of progesterone Effects Stimulation Establishment and Maintenance Stimulation of on CNS of bone and maintenance of of accessory endometrial muscle growth female secondary glands and growth and sex characteristics organs 1Inhibition 1088Explanation / Answer
Answer)
1)if the LH that is leutinizing hormone is not produced or defective or decreased production than the ovulation will not occur and will can lead to infertility in females.
2) the receptors for FSH that is follicular stimulating hormone is damaged or the hormone secretion is blocked than the follicles will not mature and undergo in process of ovulation.
3)Gn-RH which is secreted from hypothalamus is blocked or damaged than it can't stimulate pituitary gland to release lh and FSH to ovary and ovarian cycle will not occur.
Answer 4)estrogen is also important in making follicle if the level is low damaged follicle will form and no ovulation will occur can also least to ovarian cyst.
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