A family has members with a variety of disorders: one has hyperthyroidism, one h

Question

A family has members with a variety of disorders: one has hyperthyroidism, one has hypothyroidism, one has juvenile (type I) diabetes, and one has rheumatoid arthritis. Based on studies of families with a profile of high incidence of diseases like this, the most likely explanation for this cluster of diseases is:

A. B cell precursors in each of the individuals that recognized self-antigens were not destroyed around the time of birth.

B. Multiple B cell precursors were not allowed to develop into plasma cells in this family, eliminating the checkpoint that prevents production of autoantibodies.

C. This family has a tendency to generate monoclonal antibodies to self-antigens.

D. This family has a defect in B-cell maturation, so only IgM antibodies are produced by each of the affected members.

E. This family appears to have a cluster of autoimmune diseases, and the most widely accepted cause for this is a childhood virus infection, not a problem with B-cells.

Explanation / Answer

Answer. Option e

A recent research paper of American Journal of Human Genetics, shows the analysis of families with Multiple Autoimmune Disease Genetics Consortium (MADGC) and found an allele associated with Multiple Autoimmune Phenotypes. These disorders could be rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, Autoimmune thyroid disease, inflammatory bowel disease, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythromatosus etc

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