9. A porous test (shell) of calcium carbonate, through which pseudopodia protrad
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9. A porous test (shell) of calcium carbonate, through which pseudopodia protrade, is chercerstio of diatoms B) foraminiferans C) ciliates 50. A large seawood that floats freely on the surface of deep bodies of water would be expected to barwe D) water molds A) rigid stems B) bladders C) true roots D) pel-forming probeins to have which of the following 51. Dinoflagellates D) include species that cwase malaria A) possess two flagella B) are all autotrophic C) lack mitochondrin a mosquito infected with Plarmodium first bites a human, the Plasmodiwn B) cells infect the human liver cells D) oocyst undergoes meiosis C) oells caase lysing of the human rod blood cells A) gametes fuse, forming an oocyst 53. Trypanosome infections evade attacks by bost immune systems through which of the following A) production of new cell-surface proteins with a different molecular structure by each new genet B) production of toxins that kill lympbocytes C) insertion of its DNA into the naclear DNA of host eells ation D) infection of lympbocytes Icading to a decline in the host's ability to fight infection 54. All protists are A) unicellular B) eukaryotic C) symbonts D) misxotrophic $5. The chloroplasts of land plants are thought to have been derived according to which evolationary sequence? A) cy anobacteria green algacland plants B) cyanobacteria green algae-fungi+ land plants C) red algac+ brown algacgreen algae land plants D) cyanobacteria+red algaegreen algaeland plants that causes intestinal ailments in most people who 56. Giardia intestinalis is an intestinal parasite of humans and other mammals t ingest the cysts Upon ingestion, each a ventral Reproduction is completely asexual, occurring by longitudinal bi haploid n resistant to cold, heat, The cysts of Giardia function most like the A)mtochondria ofancestraldiplomonads E) nuclei of archaeans C)endospores of bacteria cyst releases two motile cells, called trophozoites. These attach to the small intestine's lining via adhesive disk. The trophozoites anaerobically metabolize glucose from the host's intestinal contents to produce ATP nary fission of tropbozoies, with each daugg two uclei (n -5) A trophozoite will ofen encyst as it passes inlo the large intestine by secreting around itself a case that is and dehydration. Infection usually occurs by drinking untreated water that contains cysts. D) capsids of viruses 5,any rer sic menertheates lask plastids and bave highly roduced mitochondhia Which of th following ateets explains these observations? A) These parasitcs live in dark, low-osygem conditions,and dherefore it was adaptiv to move all lastid and mitochondria genies to C) These parasites live in dark, low-onygen conditions and therefore loss of genes for plastids and mitochondria did not result in lower D) In the future, natural selection will favor descendants that acquire new plastid genes from today's prokaryotes the nucleus B) The original, eukaryotic ancestors of these parasites did not engulf prokaryotes fitnessExplanation / Answer
49. B). Diatoms do not possess pseudopodia. Ciliates have cilia, not pseudopodia. Water moulds possess flagella. Only foraminiferans have a calcium carbonate shell and they move with pseudopodia.
50. B) Large sea weeds possess bladders which are filled with gas (also called air-bladders) for floating.
51. A). Dinoflagellates possess two flagella - one is transverse and one longitudinal. All of them are not photosynthetic, some are parasitic, some ingest prey and also photosynthesize. They are eukaryotic, so possess mitochondria. They do not cause malaria.
52. B). Malarial parasite after infecting a healthy man, mutiplies inside the liver cell, rupture it and attack red blood cells. They multiply and come out breaking (lysis) the red blood cells and form gametocytes which are young gametes. When a mosquito bites an infected man, these gametocytes are transferred to the stomach of mosquito where they form gametes. Gametes fuse in the midgut of mosquito and form oocyst. Oocyst undergoes meiosis, form sporozoites which start living in the salivary gland of mosquito. During its bite to a healthy man, these sporozoites are transferred to the body of human being.
53. A). They show different morphological forms modifying their surface membranes.
54. B). All protists are eukaryotic. Some are multicellular, some are symbiotic and some have mixotrophic nutrition like Euglena.
55. A).
56. C). The cyst of Giardia is like the endospore of bacteria as it is resistant to cold, heat and dehydration.
57. A). As they live in dark, photosynthesis has no significance to them. Low oxygen environment reduces the need to have mitochondrial genes as only aerobic respiration takes place in mitochondria.
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