21. The many species of Galapagos finches were each adapted to eating different

Question

21.       The many species of Galapagos finches were each adapted to eating different foods. This is an example of:

a.              Gene flow

b.              Adaptive radiation

c.              Stabilizing selection

d.              Intraspecific competition

e.              Polyploidy

22.       A chance event, such as a hurricane, occurred that caused a population to lose many individuals (they died). As a result the population lost alleles because of:

       a.    mutation

       b.    migration

       c.    selection

       d.    genetic drift

23.       A human population has a higher-than-usual percentage of individuals with a rare genetic disease. The most likely explanation is:

a.              Gene flow

b.              Stabilizing selection

c.              Directional selection

d.              Genetic drift

e.              All of the preceding

24.      Which of the following did NOT occur to Darwin on the voyage of the Beagle?

a.        He read Lyles Principles of Geology

b.        He observed living animals and similar fossils

c.        He read Malthus’ Essays on Population

d.        He witnessed an earthquake and the resulting fault

e.        All of the above DID occur on the voyage.

25.    The genetic variations necessary for natural selection

a.         are usually harmful.

b.         are controlled by the environment.

c.         result in mutations.

d.         can be caused by recombination during meiosis.

e.         all of the above are true.

26.    One necessary element of the biological species concept is:

            a.      homologous isolation.

            b.      divergent isolation.

            c.     convergent isolation.

            d.      reproductive isolation.

27.       Individuals organisms in a population:

a.         compete with other members of their species.

b.         differ in fitness from other members of their species.

c.         are adapted to their environment.

d.         are related by descent from a common ancestor.

e.         all of the above are true.

28.       The Northern elephant seal went through a severe population decline as a result of hunting in the late 1800s. The population has rebounded but is now homozygous for nearly every gene studied. This is an example of:

a.         negative assortive mating

b.         migration

c.         mutation

d.         a bottleneck

e.         disruptive selection.

29.       A small, reproductively isolated religious sect called the Dunkers was established by 27 families that came to the United States from Germany 200 years ago. The frequencies for blood group alleles in this population differ significantly from those in the general U.S. population. This is an example of:

a.         negative assortive mating

b.         migration

c.         mutation

d.         founder effect

e.         disruptive selection.

30.       Vestigial structures are:

            a.      structures that occur in fossils but not living animals.

            b.      structures that are essential for successful reproduction

            c.      structures that were important in the past but appear to have no current function

            d.      structures that appear with the onset of puberty

Explanation / Answer

21.b) adaptive radation

22.d) genetic drift

23.c) Directional selection

24.e) All of the above DID occur on the voyage

25.b) are controlled by the environment.

26.d)     reproductive isolation.

27.e)    all of the above are true.

28.d)     a bottleneck

29.d)    founder effect

30.   c.) structures that were important in the past but appear to have no current function

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