A gene is under positive control. Which of the following could explain the actio

Question

A gene is under positive control. Which of the following could explain the action of a small effector

molecule?

A. It is an inhibitor that causes an activator protein not to bind to the DNA.

B. It is an inducer that causes an activator protein to bind to the DNA.

C. It is an inducer that causes a repressor to not bind to the DNA.

D. It is a corepressor that causes a repressor to not bind to the DNA.

DNA methylation at CpG sites is an important epigenetic regulator of gene expression in mammals, which of the following is typical about the functions of DNA methylation?

A. Leads to transcriptional silencing

B. Induces acetylation of histones in neighboring nucleosomes

C. Leads to chromatin decondensation

D. A and C

E. B and C

Explanation / Answer

When a gene is under positive control, the activator molecule mainly regulates the transcription process. They bind to DNA for expression of genes. Now, the effector molecule which works on the activators can be of two types: inducers or inhibitors. Now, it also depends on the regulation of the substrate concentrations whether the effector molecule will act as an inducer or inhibitor. So, it can be the first or the second option.

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