need help answering part mitosis and the cell cycle and forensic DNA fingerprint
ID: 271225 • Letter: N
Question
need help answering part mitosis and the cell cycle and forensic DNA fingerprinting.
1. What are the different phases of the cell cycle and which one 2. What are the two main regulators of the cell cycle? 3. What happens in S phase? What is a sister chromatid? What is a 4. What is mitosis? What are the four main phases and what happens in each? 5. What is eytokinesis? do cells spend the longest amount of time in? centromere? What are restriction endonucleases? In what type of organism were they first discovered? Restriction enzymes, result in regions of the DNA called what? (hint: the ends) How many microliters you prevent cross contamination? What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis? What is an agarose gel? How do you make different concentrations of agarose? What was the purpose for IX TBE buffer? What is the purpose of ethidium bromide. How/why are the results of restriction enzymes and electrophoresis used in forensics? 1. 2. 3. are in a liter? In a milliliter? How did we measure out such small volumes? How do 4. 5. What is a GMO? How did we extract DNA from our foods? What was important about the water? And what specifically did the InstaGene matrix contain that helped protect against DNA degradation (and why)? Why did we also extract DNA from a non-GMO food? What does PCR stand for? Explain the process. What is important regarding the enzymes used? How did we make PCR specific for GM foods? What gene products did we test for? What were all relevant controls we utilized in our PCR? And what would it mean if any of the controls weren't as expected? Understand the relevance of gel electrophoresis for this application and how to interpret a gel result. I. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. What is transformation? Which scientist's experiment demonstrated this (and what was the experiment)? We were transforming E. coli cells by giving it what characteristic? What does it mean for a cell to be competent? How can cells be made competent? Which method did we use? 1. 2. The pGLO plasmid we used was recombinant DNA. What are all the relevant components of this plasmid that was necessary for gaining successful results (transformation of E. coli)? Media with ampicillin was used for what purpose? Media with arabinose was used for what purpose? 3. 4. 5. hat temperature was used to "heat-shock" the cells and why did we do this? Why did we grow cells on LB media alone? 7.Explanation / Answer
Answer:
1. Different phases of the cell cycle are:
1. Interphase
2. Prophase
3. Metaphase
4. Anaphase
5. Telophase
6. Cytokinesis
Longest phase of mitosis is prophase.
2.
The main regulator in the cell cycle are:
1. Cyclins
2. Cyclin-dependent kinases
3. MFP
3.
S phase is a phase of interphase in the cell cycle in which DNA replication occurs.
The centromere is chromosomal DNA sequences which are specialized connect pair of chromatid(sister).
A chromatid is half part of a thread like chromosomal identical strand(replicated). one-half of two identical threadlike strands of a replicated chromosome.
4.
Mitosis: it is a replication or reproduction process. In this process, one parental cell forms two identical cell both are genetically similar.
Phases:
1. Prophase
2. Metaphase
3. Anaphase
4. Telophase
5. Cytokinesis
5.
Cytokinesis is the process (physical) in which division of cytoplasm occurs into two cells(daughter).
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