sopns (question @30 points) noyipt Discuss the process of \"chunking\" as it per
ID: 270645 • Letter: S
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sopns (question @30 points) noyipt Discuss the process of "chunking" as it pertains to the acquisition expertises a novice? As a person to an expert in a domain, what goes on in the mind? How does an expert perceivs information situation h does exern t is safe to assume a person becomes more efficient at processing to how a person processes in impact the quality of decisions? (35 pts) information, but why? Finally, how does of deprson becoppens with reaalow does an expert io. As a person progresses from aExplanation / Answer
Chunking theory gives an explanation of superiority of experts over novices in any (both of the same respective) field. The theory works as a tool for understanding the limitation of working memory. This means arbitrarily a concerned system, data or knowledge of a particular field being considered is divided into multiple components called chunks. Chunks are considered to be elements that have strong association with one another in a group but varies with elements from other groups. It is on the basis of how the expert and the novice process these chunks, that determine whose superior to whom. In most or all of the cases studied and in practical scenarios, it has been seen that experts are more efficient than novices.
Novices are beginners who tend to follow particular set of rules and are bound to be working only around that limited regime. Thus, their ability to understand and process data are limited as compared to an expert who has ample of knowledge and skill and can see the same set of information or problem from a different angle and can process it differently and efficiently.
Studies involving experts show regions in brain that are typically activated during long-term memory tasks. This is not observed in case of novices. The result believed to be compatible with functional brain recognition where new activation areas are recruited and a shift is noticed in cognitive processes pertaining to ability to perform tasks. When novices are included in studies, there is a decrease in the brain regions that are activated and have no functional recognition. This could be a result of practice periods which does not allow vital structures (chunks) such as knowledge structures and retrieval structures, to be acquired completely.
As a person becomes an expert from novice, he has acquired greater understanding of the domain. He is familiar with the organization of the discipline. Thus, his ability to comprehend and contribute to the domain or sector is made better. An expert gives more intuitive and automatic performances than a novice. While a novice is inflexible because of the naïve nature, the expert is more flexible because of understanding and longer time that has been spent in the same field. Novice has less or no experience in the domain, so depends on facts and features of the respective domain to guide their behaviour. An individual becomes an expert only by nurturing the knowledge that he is constantly exposed to. When he has mastered this, the individual immediately understands any critical aspect of the situation that is given to handle and can work on it in a focussed manner, thus not bringing in other less significant attributes.
It is important to understand expertise as it renders insights into the nature of thinking and problem solving. The experts can process information better and even start advising because they start observing meaningful patterns and characteristics of information, which the novices fail to notice. They are good at detecting problems or anomalies in any situations. Experts do not waste time on deliberating about what action is to be taken, rather they put their time in analysing the situation and finding solutions. The expert can monitor and assess his own performance due to better metacognitive skills that has been inculcated over years of experience in the domain. Experts are different from novices not just because of simple general abilities or strategies like memory or intelligence, but it is acquired knowledge that affects their ability to notice, organize, represent and interpret information. Experts rapidly test patterns against mental simulation to a fit, thus learning from experience.
Experts have varying flexibility and their knowledge cannot be minimized to sets of isolated facts. They signify knowledge that is conditionalized on a given set of conditions or situations. This is the key parameter that never lets down the quality of decision making of an expert.
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