15. A reservoir is (choose the best response): a. A vector b. Agent of transmiss
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15. A reservoir is (choose the best response): a. A vector b. Agent of transmission . Sites for pathogens. d.Body of water 16. Animal reservoirs are known as (choose the best response): a. Zoonoses . Hosts d. Vectors d. Opistokunts 17.The most common site for entry of pathogens is: b. The skin a. The mouth c. The respiratory tract d. The ear Respond true (a) or false (b) for the following 18.The presence of microbes in or on the body is infection. 19.The placenta can act as a route for infection. 20.The parenteral route is through the mouth. 21.Viruses must attach to cells be virulent. 22.Disease is also known as morbidity 23. Objective manifestations of disease observed or measured by others is best defined as: a. Symptoms b. Syndromes c. Signs d. Suppositions 24.Infections that lack symptoms, but may still have signs of infection are best described as: a. Asymptomatic b. Subclinical c. both a and b d. Asyndromic 25. The study of the cause of disease is: a. Etiology e. Serologyd. Mycology 26.Which is an exception to Koch's postulates? a. Disease is not caused by prokaryotes. b. Disease can be caused by more than one pathogen. c. Disease d. Disease is dis ease. can last for a very long time 27. Which of the following is not a virulence factor? a. Antiphagocytic factors b. Adhesion factors e. Cohesion factors d. Biolilms Chapter 16 28. Which of the following are not involved in adaptive immunity? a. B-Cells b. Plasma cells c. Tcellsd. Antibodies E. NeutrophilsExplanation / Answer
Q.15 Answer is A - a reservoir is Vector. Because reservoir can be anything (plant, animal,soil etc) which contains live and multiplying infectious agent.These infectious agents are present in reservoir without causing any disease but serve as source from which others can be infected. It helps infectious agent to spread to host and cause disease.
Q.18 The presense of microbes in or on body is an infection. -False
true statement is 'The presense of pathogens in or on body is infection.' Many microbes are present in and on body which is called as normal microbiota of body. It is many of the times useful as in case of gut. In other cases microbes are present normally on body parts and do not cause any infection neither harmful nor useful. Only when pathogenic microbe is present then it becomes infection.
Q.19 The placenta can act as route for infection.- True
Many diseases can transferred from mother to fetus through placenta. some examples are HIV, Epstein barr vius, salmonella species.
Q.20 The parenteral route is through Mouth.- False
Parenteral routes are intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous. Except oral (mouth) route other non oral route are parenteral routes.
Q.23 objective manifestation of disease measured or observed by others is best defined as - Signs
signs are observed by others and symptoms are recognized by patient only.
Q.24 answer is C -both a and b. When symptoms are not visible but still infection is present this condition is called as asymptomatic or subclinical.
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