Peppered Moth Graphing Activitv Before the Industrial Revolution, the trees in t
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Peppered Moth Graphing Activitv Before the Industrial Revolution, the trees in the forest around Manchester were light grayish-greein due to the presence of lichens on their trunks. Most peppered moths that lived in the area were light with dark spots. Their coloring served as camouflage against predators such as birds. As the Industrial Revolution progressed, the trees became covered with sulfur dioxide that turned the trunks dark. Over a period of 45 years, the peppered moth population changed to a mostly dark species, with only a fevw light-colored individuals remaining. In this investigation, you will observe the effects of industrial melanism in the peppered moth over the course of several years DATA TABLE The data table represents data from a multi-year study of two varieties of the same species of peppered moth. The numbers show moths captured in traps for ten consecutive years. The traps were located in the same area each year. The data in the table is graphed below yearFrequency of Frequency of light moths dark moths captured 1850 1870 1890 1910 1930 1950 1970 1990 2010 02 02 02 02 30 90 captured 01 60 90 98 98 98 98 70 Frequency of Peppered and Dark Moths IX GC 40 30 10 Ci % peppered % darkExplanation / Answer
Q.1 Dark coloration of moth was best suited to the dark background of tree trunk. When tree trunk lichen was light in color, moth were light colored with spots which was a protecting mechanism of camouflage against predators. So at that time number of dark colored moths was less because on light coloration they could be easily captured by predators.
similarly on dark background of tree trunk ,dark coloration of moth would be useful to get protection from predators.
Q.2 Industrial revolution took place 1850 onwards.Because 1850 onwards Dark color moth population started increasing and light color moth population started decreasing. It indicates light colored moths were easily caught by predators on Dark color tree trunk whereas Dark color moth could succesfully camouflage and their population increased, during 1850 light moth number was 99and dark moth number was 1 and in 1870 light color moth number was reduced to 40 and dark color moth number increased to 60. This indicates due to industrial revolution these changes were observed.
Q.3 Clean air act was introduced during 1990. From graph and table it can be observed that number of light colored moth were started increasing and dark colored moths number started decreasing. In 1970 light colored moths number was 02 which increased to 30 in 1990. Dark colored moth number was 98 in1970 which was decreased to 70.in 1990. It indicates due to clean air act, sulphur deposition on tree trunk reduced and again tree trunk became light in color and light colored moths get favoured in that condition so their population increased and dark colored moth population decreased.
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