15. If we are specifically discussing \"a population\", then how many species ar
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15. If we are specifically discussing "a population", then how many species are being specifically considered? A. 1 B. at least 2 C.20 or more (for a sustainable population) 16. Organisms in a geographic range who are distinguishable based on descent from a common ancestor" is known as the A. biological species concept B. general lineage species concept C. phylogenetic species concept 17. "Loss of genomic content in relationship to an obligate or strongly dependent relationship of one organism upon another organism" is known as A. Müllerian mimicry B. Batesian mimicry C. Reductive evolution D. Admixture 18. Example(s) of diversifying selection would generally include or relate to A. increased frequencies of different alleles, such as would be associated with bacteria producing different antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in an environment with antibiotics B. selective pressure for nonsynonymous mutations C. a new allele that increases fitness based on epistatic interactions with other alleles. D. all of the above E.Aand B, but not C time ago to most recent common ancestor 19. According to the tree above, which lineage (species) is most closely related to "E"? A. D B. F C. I D. A E. All of the above are related equally to "EExplanation / Answer
Ans 15. A. 1 : In a population atleast one species should be there.
16. C. Phylogenetic species concept : The concept of a species as an irreducible group whose members are descended from a common ancestor and who all possess a combination of certain defining, or derived, traits also called apomorphy. Hence, this concept defines a species as a group having a shared and unique evolutionary history. It is less restrictive than the biological species concept, in that breeding between members of different species does not pose a problem. Also, it permits successive species to be defined even if they have evolved in an unbroken line of descent, with continuity of sexual fertility. However, because slight differences can be found among virtually any group of organisms, the concept tends to encourage extreme division of species into ever-smaller groups.
17. C. Reductive evolution: A downsizing of the genome which often occurs in obligate intercellular parasites. The deletion of a subset of genes or their conversion into pseudogenes is tolerated, because the host now supplies the products normally controlled by the dispensable genes. Ex: leprosy bacterium.
18, E.
19. E. because from the clade tree D,F,I,,A share most recent common ancestor with E
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