26. Bacteria A. are considered to be ancestral for mitochondria and chloroplasts

Question

26. Bacteria A. are considered to be ancestral for mitochondria and chloroplasts based on endosymbiotic theory B. are generally considered to have more ongoing horizontal transfer than multicellular eukaryotes. C. typically have smaller genomes than multicellular eukaryotes. D. all of the above E. A and B, but not C 27. What does h x S equal (where h is narrow-sense heritability and S is the strength of selection on the parental generation)? A. variation in additive genetics multiplied by average excess fitness B. variation in phenotypic trait for the parental generation C. the squared product of heterozygote frequency multiplied by the geographic area D. the difference between the mean trait value of the offspring and the starting mean (population response to selection) 28. If the half-life for a substance is 50 years. How much of that substance will remain in its original form after 150 years has elapsed? A, 0% B. 12.5% C. 25% D.5096 29. On what continent did deforestation occur to select for many hominin features from Australopithecus, early Homo and onwards-up to and including those synapomorphies found for Homo sapiens? A. Africa B. Asia C. Australia D. Europe 30. For speciation, what process is typically considered to occur between geographic separation and reproduction isolation? A. endosymbiosis B. alternative supercoiling C evolutionary reversal D. reinforcement 31. Which of the following relate(s) to non-random events, related to fitness or differential reproductive success within an existing and interacting large population? A sexual selection B. genetic drift C. natural selection D. a and c E.band c 32. Stromatolites are thought to have originated from A. miniature volcanoes. B. floating mats of bacteria. C. earthquakes. D. isotopic decay.

Explanation / Answer

26. The answer is all of the above.

According to endosymbiotic theory, mitochindria and chloroplast are derived from bacteria as they have there own genome in cirlular form and also have ribosomes and thus can produce proteins according to need. The genome found in bacteria is far very less as compared to multicellular eukaryotes and also have more ongoing horizontal transfer than multicellular eukaryotes.

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