Academic Integrity: tutoring, explanations, and feedback — we don’t complete graded work or submit on a student’s behalf.

1) In peas, axillary flowers (A) is dominant to terminal flowers (a) and colored

ID: 268286 • Letter: 1

Question

1) In peas, axillary flowers (A) is dominant to terminal flowers (a) and colored flowers (R white (r). A true-breeding plant with white, terminal flowers is crossed with a true-h colored, axillary flowers. The Fi plants are then allowed to self-pollinate. The Fa generaion fha of: 299 plants with axillary, colored flowers 32 plants with terminal, white flowers 121 plants with axillary, white flowers 133 plants with terminal, colored flowers Using the chi-square test, determine if this outcome is consistent with the predicted ratios for ti n Provide the null and alternative hypotheses, chi-square statistic, P-value, and conclusion.(00 p

Explanation / Answer

Null hypothesis : The observed values are not deviating from the mendilian dihybrid cross ratio i.e. 9:3:3:1.

Alternative hypothesis: The observed values are deviating from the mendilian dihybrid cross ratio i.e. 9:3:3:1.

Test static – Chisquare test:

Category

Axillary, colored

Axillary, white

Terminal, colored

terminal, white

Total

Observed values (O)

299

121

133

32

585

Exptected Ratio (ER)

9

3

3

1

16

Exprected Values (E)

329.0625

109.6875

109.6875

36.5625

Deviation (O-E)

-30.0625

11.3125

23.3125

-4.5625

D^2

903.7539

127.9727

543.4727

20.81641

D^2/E

2.746451

1.166702

4.954736

0.569338

9.437227

X^2

9.437227

Degrees of freedom

4-1 = 3

P –value: The p value at 0.05 probability and 3 DF is 7.82.

Conclusion: As the calculated chisquare value i.e. 9.43 is greater than the table value i.e. 7.82 at 3 DF and 0.05 probability, the null hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted.

Category

Axillary, colored

Axillary, white

Terminal, colored

terminal, white

Total

Observed values (O)

299

121

133

32

585

Exptected Ratio (ER)

9

3

3

1

16

Exprected Values (E)

329.0625

109.6875

109.6875

36.5625

Deviation (O-E)

-30.0625

11.3125

23.3125

-4.5625

D^2

903.7539

127.9727

543.4727

20.81641

D^2/E

2.746451

1.166702

4.954736

0.569338

9.437227

X^2

9.437227

Degrees of freedom

4-1 = 3