Introduction: PLEate and biomes) 1. What is Ecology? What is the focus of ecolog

Question

Introduction: PLEate and biomes) 1. What is Ecology? What is the focus of ecologists who study Biosphere, Landscapes Ecosystems, Community, Populations, and organisms? 2. Ways in which bacteria are important to ecosystem function? (ie. photosynthesis, Ncycle ete) 3. Niche vs, habitat, Fundamental niche vs. realized niche. 4. How is gene flow and bottleneck effect related to habitat fragmentation and conservai biology? Why is genetic diversity important for a species survival? 5. What are biomes? What determines their location? 6. What causes patterns of biomes on planet (Hadley cells, rain shadows) What causes climate change? Are we seeing evidence of it occurring (examples)? Adaptations: fPronrrtits of water and how it is important to life? How density and oxygen concentration

Explanation / Answer

Ecology is the study of relationships between living organisms and their environment. Ecology is the science that attempts to answer questions about how nature works. The ecologists study various topics related to ecology and focus on:

biosphere: The global sum of all ecosystems integrating all living beings and their relationships, including their interaction with the elements of the biosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere.

Landscapes:

Ecosystem: It consists of different communities of organisms associated within a physically defined space.

Community: It is made up of different populations interacting within some defined geographical area.

Population: It is the collection of individuals of the same species within an area or region.

Organisms: like birds, animals, insects etc.

2. Bacteria play important in transferring energy in an ecosystem. Few ways are Sulphur cycle, N cycle, Photosynthesis, and in Carbon cycle etc.

3. Niche: It is the place where members of a species live, the ways in which the environmental resources are used and interactions with other individuals of their own or of other species.   

Habitat: The place where particular organism lives is called habitat.

Niche is different from habitat as it is not simply a place where an organism lives. It is sum total of all requisites and activities of a species. The Ecological Niche of a species not only includes the physical space occupied by an organism, but also the functional role of the species in its community.

Fundamental niche of an organism is the niche in absence of competitors and predators while realized niche is the niche in presence of competitors. The realized niche of an organism is smaller than its fundamental niche.

5. Biomes: Terrestrial ecosystems can be grouped into units of similar nature, termed biomes eg deciduous forest, grasslands, coniferous forest etc. Location of biome is determined by various factors like geography, climate, organisms, closeness to equator or exposure to sunlight, altitude etc.

7. Climate change occurs either due to human activities or due to environmental factors. The release of CO2 due to volcanic eruptions or due to the burning of fuel causes the increase in temperature. Other processes like deforestation, reforestation, urbanization also contribute to the climate change. Aerosol addition causes net cooling to the environment.

4 and 5 will add as these answers are big pls wait

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