1. What is a bacteriophage? What type of macromolecules can you find in a bacter
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Question
1. What is a bacteriophage? What type of macromolecules can you find in a bacteriophage?
2. How did Hershey-Chase experiments label protein and DNA molecules in T2 phage differentially? What was the main finding in their historical experiments in terms of the chemical nature of genetic materials?
3. What monomers can be used to synthesize DNA molecules? What are the three structural components of these monomers?
4. What components of the nucleotide monomers make the backbone of polynucleotides, and what component determines the different DNA sequences? What bonds help DNA double-helix form stable structure?
5. What are the four bases found in DNA molecules? How base pairs are formed between these bases, and the hydrogen bond numbers between different base pairs?
6. How do RNA polynucleotides differ from DNA polynucleotides? Which base is changed to Uracil in RNA when they are transcribed from DNA? Do RNA molecules usually form double helix?
7. Who proposed the DNA tertiary structure as double helix? What parts of DNA molecules are located outside, and what parts are located inside of double helix?
8. What are the main idea of DNA semiconservative replication? How the daughter DNA inherit genetic information from the parental DNA?
9. Where does DNA replication start? What enzymes are needed? And what enzyme catalyze the addition of new monomers into the new strand? From what direction are the new monomers added on the new strand? What dictates the selectin of which particular new monomer is added?
10. Besides DNA polymerase, what are the functions of the following players in DNA replication: DNA helicase, primase, DNA ligase?
11. What is called the leading strand? And lagging strand? Which one is made by linking short fragments? Is DNA replication a process to have identical genetic information passed between different generations or a process to invent new DNA sequences?
12. Define transcription and translation. What molecules provide genetic information in transcription? What enzyme is catalyzing transcription? What is the product when transcription is done?
Explanation / Answer
1- bacteriophage are viruses infecting bacteria.bacteriophage contain genetic material as in marcomolecule in them.
2-they labelled dna with radioactive phosphorus and protein with radioactive sulphur. The experiment prove tha dna is genetic material which is tranferred in generation.
3- nucleotide are monomer of dna. They contain phosphorus group , deoxy ribose sugar and nucleoside .
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