adrenaline activated a subunit of stimulatory G protein (G) 6. (2pts each) When

Question

adrenaline activated a subunit of stimulatory G protein (G) 6. (2pts each) When adrenaline binds to adrenergic receptors on the surface of a muscle cell, it activates a signaling pathway which ultimately releases glucose The figure to the right describes steps in this signaling pathway. Please circle whether you would predict the following mutant cell lines would have increased or decreased downstream signaling through this pathway CYTOSO activated GPCR (adrenergic receptor) GTP adenylyl cyclase A. Cells that lack adenylyl cyclase inactive PKA cyclic AMP increasedI decreased CAMP B. Cells that lack the GPCR Downstream responses increasedI decreased C. Cells that express a constitutively active PKA increasedI decreased D. Cells that have a G protein a-subunit that cannot release GDP increasedI decreased

Explanation / Answer

a) cells that lack adenyl cyclase will not convert ATP into cAMP hence downstream responses will decrease.

b) cells that lack the GPCR will not bind to adrenalin and further cell signaling will halt. so decrease.

c) constitutively active PKA will increase the downstream responses.

d) alpha subunit that cannot release the GDP will be in an inactive state. so decreased downstream responses.

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