(a) What is the relationship between fatty acid oxidation and insulin resistance
ID: 266290 • Letter: #
Question
(a) What is the relationship between fatty acid oxidation and insulin resistance in the muscle? (5 points)
(b) Beta cells of pancreas secrete insulin via exocytosis in response to the ATP levels in pancreatic cells. Based on your biochemical understanding, explain glucose regulation of insulin secretion by pancreatic beta-cells. (5 points)
(c) sulfonylurea drugs, medication used in the treatment of diabetes, bind to the ATP-gated K+ channels present on the cell surface of beta cells. Explain the mechanism of action of this drug in the treatment of diabetes. (5 points)
Explanation / Answer
a) fatty acid oxidation contributes to insulin resistance in the muscle which cause obesity and type 2 diabetes.
b) The ATP sensitive K+ channels senses metabolic changes in the pancreatic beta cells, thereby coupling metabolism to electrical activity and ultemately to insulin secretion. When KATP channels open, beta cells hyperpolarized and insulin secretion is supressed means there is high level of glucose in blood.
c) These drugs exerts their hypoglycaemic effects by stimulating insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta cells. Their primary mechanism of action is to close ATP sensitive K channels in the beta cell plasma membrane, so initiate chain of events which release insulin.
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