beaccepted Case Study Details: Henry Walton Jones, Jr, an adventurous 8-year-old
ID: 265465 • Letter: B
Question
beaccepted Case Study Details: Henry Walton Jones, Jr, an adventurous 8-year-old boy, with a history of allergy to walnuts, developed hives and difficulty breathing after eating a caramel-topped brownie at a school party. The teacher was aware of Henry's history of walnut allergy and immediately checked the ingredients listed on the brownie package. She noted that the label had a warning that read "This product is prepared in a factory where various nuts are used. This product may contain peanuts and/or tree nuts such as pecans, walnuts, almonds, macadamia nuts." 1. What type of hypersensitivity reaction occurred to cause Henry to develop hives and difficulty breathing? 2. 3. Immunologically, what has caused the symptoms? Please be specific in your 4. 5. description and be sure to describe all aspects for the three stages of this reaction. What sort of medical intervention should be provided to provide relief for his current reaction? How might this reaction be reduced or prevented in the future?Explanation / Answer
Ques1: This type of adverse reaction belongs to type I hypersensitive reaction.
Ques 3: Major reason for walnut is allergy is because of presence of molecules like proteins/ kind of alkaloids which are resistence to the process of manufacturing conditions like cooking/ baking/washing/soaking etc. These molecules can cause abnormal immune response where it acts like an allergens. Henry's immune system would have recogised these moleculs as an antigen which triggers the person's immune system where Immunoglobulin E will engulf the allergens signalling body to release more histamines and harmful chemicals which causes immediate allergic response resulting in symptoms like breathing difficulty, low blood pressure, vomiting, nausea, rapid heart beat, loss of consiousness etc.
Ques4:Treatment involves immediate ingestion of antihistamines which effectively breaks off the cascade of allergic immune response, epineohrine which is a potent neurotransmitter and hormone immediately stops the effetive immune response and corticosteroid will supress complement cascade etc.
Ques5: diganosis or allergic test for specific molecule by doctors, Prevention of future exposure is the most effective method to avoid such conditions in future, Desensitization to the allergen could be one another option.
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