5. Is camouflage the only adaptation for surviving predation? Explain. 6. Traits

Question

5. Is camouflage the only adaptation for surviving predation? Explain. 6. Traits that increase an individual's success at obtaining limited resources are favored by natural selection in environments where is a major factor. 7. Do all mutations result in adaptations? Why or why not? 8. Chickadees have a remarkable ability to learn from other birds about food sources they have never seen before. In fact, chick- adees in the United Kingdom in the early 20th century learned how to drink out of milk bottles left on door stoops by milk de- livery services. After one or a few chickadees learned how to do this, the ability spread throughout the countryside in a matter k bottles an adaptation that is subject to evolution by natural selection in chickadees? Explain 9. Imagine a dog that is born with a mutation that causes elongated and webbed feet. Is this an adaptation? 10. Use your understanding of natural selection to describe how the following trait might have evolved: Plants have pores on the surfaces of their leaves that allow carbon dioxide into the leaf (for photosynthesis), but also allow water to escape. Land plants have guard cells surrounding these pores that actively regulate the size of the pore and will make the pore smaller in dry conditions. The ancestors of land plants did not have guard cells.

Explanation / Answer

5) No. Prey species gains protection by mimicking te appearance of other species.

Predators possess adaptation for capturing prey and prey also has adaptations that help them avoid being eaten. Some animals display a variety of morphological and physiological defensive adaptations.

6) Competition.

Survival and reproduction are determined by competition for limited resources such as food, habitat, or mate.

7) No, not all mutations leads to adaptation.

Mutation is the genetic change in an organism that can be beneficial or lethal. It changes the morphology or physiolocal charateristics of an organism. Mutation occured in somatic cell cannot be passed to the new generation but can be passed via germ line mutation. Mutations that lead to adaptation slightly improves the trait which occur due to the accumulation of mutations over the time which is a very slow process.

8) No. The adaptation is gained by random mutation that passes via genes from one generation to other generation. In this case, chickadees learnt the behaviour to drink milk out of the bottles which is not an evolutionary adaptation.

9) It depends on the environment the dog is living. If the dog lives in the water bodies then this adaptation is beneficial but not if it lives in land.

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