1) Which of the following commonly cause immunopathologic damage? A. N-acetyl mu

Question

1) Which of the following commonly cause immunopathologic damage?

A. N-acetyl muramic acid

B. Phospholipid

C. Superantigens

D. Botulinum toxin

E. ADP-ribosylating agents

2) Which of the following pathogens commonly causes cellulitis?

A. Streptococcus pyogenes

B. E. coli

C. Clostridium difficile

D. Streptococcus pneumoniae

E. Herpesvirus

3) Which of the following microbes is good at colonizing the skin?

A. Streptoccocus agalactiae

B. Bacteroides fragilis

C. P. acnes

D. H. pylori

E. E. coli

4) Opportunistic pathogens are generally endogenously acquired.

A. True

B. False

5) Which of the following is TRUE about viral diseases of the skin?

A. Includes hepatitis A

B. Transmitted by insect vectors

C. Include influenza A

D. Are members of the human gut microbiome

E. Route of entry is ingress

Explanation / Answer

Ans.1.The common cause of immunopathologic damage is botulinum toxin, produced by Clostridium botulinum. it is a neurotoxic protein that prevents release of activatory neurotransmitter from axons and thus, causes flaccid paralysis.

Ans.2. Cellulitis is a common skin infection, which is caused by different groups of bacteria. it results in development of redness in area of subcutaneous fat and dermis that increases with days. The most common causative agent for cellulitis is Streptococcus pyrogenes, by entring through a break or crack in skin.

Ans.3. Halicobacter pylori is good at colonizing the skin. It can persist and grow in host skin for a long time.

Ans.4. Oppurtunistic pathogens are those pathogens that normally found in host (endogenous), but do not cause infections. They become pathogenic under some conditions, such as in an immunocompromised person (having HIV infection). Hence, the given statement is true.

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