6. What is a mitogen. Explain how/why FGF-19 is a mitogen and its role in cancer

Question

6. What is a mitogen. Explain how/why FGF-19 is a mitogen and its role in cancer and future gent therapy. 7. Explain what is meant by the statement "Women are just as hemizygous as men". 8. After having 10 children you remarry…… What is the probability of you now having a boy and then a girl, and then a girl, and then a boy, and then a boy or a girl, and then a girl? You now have 16 children…… 9. Define what Crispers are, briefly describe what they are. List 2 pros and 2 cons of using crispers. 10. The genetic code has four codons for the amino acid Valine (GUG, GUC, GUU, GUA). Organisms have evolved to use some codes more than other codes. Which of the valine codes would you expect to be preferentially used in the genome of an algae growing in a hot spring at Yellowstone Park? EXPLAIN your answer 11. You discovered a new virus that needs to be studied. You begin by digesting the virus with protease (an enzyme that completely digests all proteins) until only amino acids remain. You then determine that the base composition of the viral nucleic acid is 38% Cytosine, 35% Glycine, 15% Thymine, and 12 % Adenine. To which class could this virus belong? EXPLAIN YOUR ANSWER a. Single-stranded RNA Virus b. Double-stranded RNA Virus c. Single-stranded DNA Virus d. Double=stranded DNA Virus e. None of the above because there is not enough information given to make a guess. 12. Adenine is found in numerous biological molecules (for example, DNA, RNA, NADH, ATP). You are now asked to explain the evolution of adenine and at least 5 of these biological (Adenine containing) molecules and how they may have evolved (the order).

Explanation / Answer

6)A Mitogen is a protein substance that triggers a cell to commence mitosis.

FGF19 or altogether the FGF functions as endocrine hormones for the body. The orthologoues of it in mice have shown that without them inner ear development does not occur so FGF is a mitogen.

7) Due to X inactivation, where in a cell not both the X chromosomes are activated at the same time.IN few cells the paternal X and in few the maternal X is activated .

10) GUG, GUA

11) d) double stranded DNA virus , it does not have uracil so cannot be RNA

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