You are a doctor and a person walks into your clinic complaining of headaches an
ID: 259985 • Letter: Y
Question
You are a doctor and a person walks into your clinic complaining of headaches and feeling badly every time they eat sugary things. You do some bloodwork and see that they have normal concentrations of insulin but their blood sugar is still extremely high. You diagnose them with diabetes. In your answer below explain what type of diabetes the patient has, why their sugars are high despite the presence of insulin, and four possible ways the patient could lower their blood sugar with an explanation of the mechanism behind each possible solution.Explanation / Answer
It is type 2 diabetis. Insulin resistance is there. Eventhough pancreas makes extra insulin to make up for it. But, over time it isn't able to keep up and can't make enough insulin to keep your blood glucose at normal level. Body doesnt use the insulin properly or the body either doesn't produce enough insulin, or it resists insulin.
Symptoms
Increased thirst, frequent urination, hunger, fatigue and blurred vision. In some cases, there may be no symptoms.
Diagnosis
Clinical features:
Whole body: excessive hunger, excessive thirst, or fatigue
weight gain or weight loss
common: frequent urination, blurred vision, or poor wound healing
Testes: Glycated haemoglobin test( A1C)
Random blood sugar
Fasting blood sugar
Oral glucose tolerence test
Treatments
diet: Fruits vegetables wholegrains having low glycemic index will be beneficial
exercise: physical activity lowers blood sugar. Need aerobic excercise.
medication:medications are best depends on many factors, Metformin, Meglitinides, sulphonylureas etc
insulin therapy: insulin is injected
eg: Insulin glulisine (Apidra)
Insulin lispro (Humalog)
Insulin aspart (Novolog)
Insulin glargine (Lantus)
Insulin detemir (Levemir)
Insulin isophane
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