3. Which of the following are true of chemotherapeutic agents? Select all that a
ID: 259881 • Letter: 3
Question
3. Which of the following are true of chemotherapeutic agents? Select all that apply.
The adverse side-effects of chemotherapeutics are strongest in cell types that dividing rapidly (hair, blood and GI tract).
They create broken chromosomes or stalled replication forks.
These agents are toxic to cancer cells because they are part of a tumor.
The cytotoxic effect of these DNA damaging agents requires the cell to be actively dividing.
4.
Which statement below best describes an oncogene?
Gene that encodes for a protein that drives cell division forward.
Gene that encodes for a protein that blocks the cell cycle
5.
Which of the following is a correct pairing of a base to the product of its deamination?
Thymidine to uracil
Adenine to xanthine
5-methylcytosine to thymine
Cytosine to thymine
6.
Which of the following correctly describes the mechanism of a deamination reaction?
The 3' OH group attacks the nitrogen of a base.
An OH group from water attacks the base removing the amine group.
7.
The Ames test requires a specific strain of Salmonella that (select all that apply):
requires a lack of histidine in the media to survive.
may be able to survive without histidine if they get the proper reversion mutation.
is resistant to mutations.
is a histidine auxotroph.
Explanation / Answer
Answer 3. Options A, B and D are correct.
The adverse side-effects of chemotherapeutics are strongest in cell types that dividing rapidly (hair, blood and GI tract).
They create broken chromosomes or stalled replication forks.
The cytotoxic effect of these DNA damaging agents requires the cell to be actively dividing.
Answer 4. The correct option is --> Gene that encodes for a protein that drives cell division forward.
Oncogene is defined as the gene that has the potential to cause cancer. Oncogenes are overexpressed in cancers. Examples of oncogene include C-myc, survivin, EGFR and Ras.
Answer 5. The correct option is C. 5-methylcytosine to thymine.
Answer 6. The correct option is --> An OH group from water attacks the base removing the amine group.
Answer 7. Both B and D are correct options.
The strain of salmonella used in ames test are auxotrophic mutants, i.e. they require histidine for growth, but cannot produce it, and the ames test is used to test the potential of a particular compound to induce mutations that results in a return of salmonella to a prototrophic state, so that the cells can grow on a medium that is devoid of histidine.
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