MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or

Question

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which of the following best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration? Explain why each answer is correct or incorrect below A) Both processes convert energy from one form to another B) The reactions of photosynthesis are the reverse of the reactions of cellular c) Photosynthesis is used by plant cells to produce ATP for cell function, and Cellular D) Photosynthesis converts light energy to chemical potential energy, and Cellular respiration. Respiration is used by animal cells to produce ATP for cell function. Respiration releases this stored chemical potential energy to produce ATP for cell function. 2) Coenzyme Q carries electrons from to 2) A) Complex III; Complex IV C) Photosystem I; Ferredoxin B) Complex I; Complex III D) Photosystem II; Photosystem I 3) In which of the following organelles would you find an electron transport chain? Explain 3) the function of the electron transport chain in this organelle A) chloroplast B) mitochondria C) rough endoplasmic reticulunm D) A & B E) All of the above 4) Which of the following is the major function of peroxisomes? 4) A) digest old organelles B) oxidize certain organic molecules and degrade the H202 produced by these reactions C) produce hydrogen peroxide for cells D) reduce certain organic molecules using H202

Explanation / Answer

1) Option 'D' is the correct answer.

The statement, "Photosynthesis converts light energy to chemical potential energy, and cellular respiration releases this stored chemical potential energy to produce ATP for cell fuction" best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration.

Option A is somewhat correct but does not clarify the relationship between the two. Option B is incorrect as respiration is not a complete reversal of photosynthesis, rather involving some reactions unique to respiration only. Option C is plane wrong as plants perform both photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Option D is the best option as it shows the interrelationship between the two, as to how the processes of photosynthesis and respiration complement each other, thus it is the only correct answer.

2) Option 'B' is the correct answer.

Coenzyme Q facilitates electron transfer from complex I to complex III and from complex II to complex III. Two electrons flow from NADH in complex I to coenzyme Q, NADH->FMN, througha series of iron sulfur proteins to coenzyme Q, two addition protons are taken from the matrix to convert coenzyme Q to QH2. QH2 feeds two electrons into the complex III, but cytochrom c only accepts on electron, take two cycles of reduction involving two cytochrom c molecules to effectly convert coenzyme Q from the reduced to oxidized form.

3) Option D is the correct answer.

Electron transport chain is found in both chloroplast and mitochondria.  Electron transport chain is found in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it serves as the site of oxidative phosphorylation through the use of ATP synthase. It is also found in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast in photosynthetic eukaryotes.

4) Option 'B' is the correct answer.

The major function of peroximsome is the metabolism of certain organic compounds such as very long chain fatty acids, branched chain fatty acids, D-amino acids, and polyamines, reduction of reactive oxygen species – specifically hydrogen peroxide. They facilitate the breakdown of long chain fatty acid by the process of beta-oxidation. Hydrogen peroxide is produced by removal of hydrogen atoms from specific organic substrates, by using molecular oxygen in an oxidative reaction. Catalase uses this H2O2 to oxidize other substrates, including phenols, formic acid, formaldehyde, and alcohol

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