Academic Integrity: tutoring, explanations, and feedback — we don’t complete graded work or submit on a student’s behalf.

e following business concepts have been developed by your colleagues, and they h

ID: 2575634 • Letter: E

Question

e following business concepts have been developed by your colleagues, and they have asked you to provide feedback on each as a potential investment. Using the data provided, calculate the payback period and NPV of each. Rate of Net Cash Net Cash Net Cash Net Cash Net Cash Seed Return Flow Flow Flow Flow Flow Other Net Payback $1,000| 5% | s200 2 | Year 3 | Year 4 | Year 5 | Cash Flow: Period |NPV $300 Project | Capital | (%) | Year 1 | Year $400 SO SO $250,000 8% | $2.000 $25,000 $25,000 S1,000,000: S148,000| S200.000 896 per year for 5 years SO S1,000,000 $5,000,000 $6,000,000 $8,000,000 | 1796 50,000 | 25% $120million! 6% SO SO for 3 years S0 $1,000 $29,000 $35,0000 $70,000 SO SO l $20 million | S80 million | S40 million | S20 million in Year 6 $5 million in Year 7 so

Explanation / Answer

Project A

Calculation of payback period : Payback period means the period in which we can recover the initial capital

Year    Net Cash flows: Cum. cash flows

1 $200 $200

2 300 500

3 400 900

4 500    1,400

5 0    1,400

Payback period = In 3 years, we can recover $900 and the balance can be recovered in the fraction of 4th year that is to be calculated as follows;

payback period = 3 years + (balance $100/500 in 4th year)= 3 years + (100/500) = 3.20 years or 3 years 2 months

Project B

Year    Net Cash flows: Cum. cash flows

1    $2,000 $2,000

2    25,000    27,000

3    25,000 52,000

4 1,000,000    1,052,000

5    148,000    1,200,000

6 to 10 200,000 p.a    2,200,000

Payback period : to recover Seed capital $250,000, how many years it takes

Look at Cumumuatve cash flows, to recover $52,000 it takes 3 years, and recover, the balance amount i.e $198,000, how many years it takes when we get 1,000,000 in 4th year, then

Payback peridod = 3 years + (198,000/1,000,000) = 3.19 years i.e 3 years 2 months approxiamtely

Project C :

Year    Net Cash flows: Cum. cash flows

1 $0    $0

2 0    0

3 0    0

4 1,000,000    1,000,000

5 5,000,000    6,000,000

6 to 8 6,000,000 p.a 18,000,000

Payback period : to recover initial seed capital $8,000,000, it takes 5 years to recover $6,000,000 and balance $2,000,000 will be recovered in the fraction of 5th year i.e as follows:

Payback period = 5 years + (balance 2,000,000)/6,000,000 in 6th year) = 5.33 years i.e 5 years 4 months approximately

Project D

Year    Net Cash flows: Cum. cash flows

1 $0 $0

2    1,000 1,000

3    29,000    30,000

4    35,000    65,000

5    70,000 135,000

Payback period : To recover initial seed capital $50,000, it takes 3 years to recover $30,000 and to recover the balance $20,000 it takes fraction of 4th year, hence

Payback period = 3 years + (balance 20,000/35,000 in 4th year) = 3. 57 years i.e 3 years 6 months

Project E

Year    Net Cash flows: Cum. cash flows

1 $0 $0

2 0    0

3 20 million    20 million

4 80 million    100 million

5 40 million 140 million

6 20 million 160 million

7 5 million 165 million

Payback period : To recover initial $120 million, it takes 4 year to recover $100 million and the balance $20 million will be recoverd in the fraction of 5th year i.e as follows

Payback period = 4 years + (Balance $20 million/$40 million in 5th year) = 4. 5 years i.e 4 year 6 months

Payback periods of all the Projects :

Project    Payback period

A    3.20 years

B    3.19 years

C    5.33 years

D    3.57 years

E    4.50 years

Hence, the Project Bis preferable as its payback period is the least ie. 3.19 years, however, the payback period of the project will be compared with the company's payback period. If the project peirod is less than that of comapny payback period, such project or projects will be accepted.

NPV CALCULATION FOR PROJECT A

Year PVF @ 5%    Cash Flows    PV of cash flows

1 0.9524    $200 $190.48

2 0.9070    300 272.10

3 0.8638    400 345.52

4 0.8227    500 411.35

5 0.7835 0 0   

Total Present Value    1,219.45

Less: Initital Seed capital    1,000.00   

NPV 219.45

NPV = Difference between Present value of cash inflows and Present value of cash outlows i.e initial capital

NPV of project B:

Year PVF @ 8%    Cash Flows    PV of cash flows

1 0.9259 $2,000 1.851.18

2 0.8573 25,000 21,432.50

3 0.7938 25,000 19,845.00

4 0.7350 100,000 73,500.00

5 0.6806 148,000 100,728.80

6 0.6302 200,000 126,040.00

7 0.5835    200,000    116,700.00

8 0.5403    200,000    108,060.00

9 0.5002    200,000    100,040.00

10 0.4632    200,000    92,640.00

Total Present Value 760,837.48

Less: Initital Seed capital    250,000.00

NPV    510,837.48

Note; For PVF (present value factor,refer present value tables) or apply the following formula

For 1st year = 1/(1+r) = 1/(1+0.08) = 0.9259

For 2nd year = 1/(1+r)2 = 1/(1+0.08)2 = 1/1.1664 = 0.8573 etc.

For 3rd year = 1/(1+r)3 where r = rate of return

NPV for Project C

Year PVF @ 17%    Cash Flows    PV of cash flows

1 0.8547    $0 $0

2 0.7305 0    0

3 0.6244 0    0

4 0.5337    1,000,000    533,700

5 0.4561    5,000,000 2,280,500    0   

6 0.3898    6,000,000 2,338,800

7 0.3332    6,000,000 1,999,200

8 0.2848    6,000,000 1.708,800

Total Present Value 8,861,000

Less: Initital Seed capital 8,000,000   

NPV    861,000   

In the same way, you can do for Project D and E and finally, we should accept the Project whose Positive NPV is more ( we can reject the project whose NPV is negative i.e Initial investment is more than the present vlaue of cash inflows)