Question 1. Long-term potentiation (LTP) has several important properties. a. On

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Question 1. Long-term potentiation (LTP) has several important properties. a. One important property of LTP is specificity. Describe an experiment focusing on the CA3 to CA1 synapse of the hippocampus that demonstrates this property. Make sure to explain what are you measuring, at what times, etc. (Suggested: 3 sentences) b. Another important property of LTP is coincidence detection: strong presynaptic and postsynaptic activity must occur at the same time to induce LTP. Describe an experiment focusing on the CA3 to CA1 synapse of the hippocampus that demonstrates this property. Make sure to explain what are you measuring, at what times, etc. (Suggested: 3-4 sentences)

Explanation / Answer

a) CA3 to CA1 synapse can be measured using optical imaging techniques. Ca2+ release during synaptic vesicular movement due to activation of NMDAR and voltage gated channels/AMPA receptor activation can give an idea focussing on LTP specificity. Fluoresent FM dyes are also used to determine this activity which binds tro plasma membrane and vesicular trafficking during stimulation alters the fluorescence levels at that region. The background can be subtracted using sulforhodamine to quench fluorescence.

b)Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) can help us to prove coincidence detection. Photobleaching a region that has strong post synaptic activity and gets recovered due to movement of vesicles from pre-synapse to post synapse immediately can prove this phenomenon.

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