d. degenerate. 8. Which of the following would not necessarily be part ofa cllul
ID: 255851 • Letter: D
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d. degenerate. 8. Which of the following would not necessarily be part ofa clluler signaling netwok? a. Crosstalk b. Feedback loops c. Synthetic genetic toggle switches d. Feedforward relays 9. Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that catalyzes a. DNA-directed RNA synthesis. b. RNA-directed DNA c, DNA-directed DNA d. RNA-directed RNA 10. Restriction endonucleases are enzymes that a. cleave DNA only at specific sequences. b. act only on the ends of DNA strands. c. act only in a single species of bacteria. d. cleave only nuclear DNA restriction enzyme Notl recognizes a specific DNA sequence of eight base pairs and cleaves a bas that site. Statistically, in any genome there should be one Norl recognition site for pairs. a, 38 b. 83 C, 48 d. 84 12. The first enzymatic step in making a cDNA uses which of the following? a. Tag polymerase b. DNA polymerase c. RNA polymerase d. Reverse transcriptase To clone genes, a plasmid vector should contain a(n) origin of replication. b restriction nuclease cut site. c. antibiotic resistance gene. d. All of the above 14.Transgenic mice are usually produced by infecting mice with viruses carrying the gene. injecting DNA containing the gene into the pronucleus of a fertilized egg. njecting nuclei from embryonic stem cells into enucleated eggs. jecting RNA coding for a human protein into the nucleus of a fertilized egg.Explanation / Answer
8. Synthetic genetic toggle switche is a type of synthetic biological circuit. Synthetic biological circuits are synthetically designed such that biological parts inside a cell perform logical functions mimicking those observed in electronic circuits. Cellular signalling network are inherent to a cell and is an important tool for expression of genetic information. Feedback loop, crosstalk, and feedforward relays are all parts of cellular signalling network. Therefore, your answer is (c).
9. A reverse transcriptase is an enzyme used to generate complementary DNA (cDNA) from an RNA template. Hence it catalyzes RNA-directed DNA synthesis. Therefore, your answer is (b).
10. A restriction endonuclease is an enzyme that cleaves DNA into fragments only at or near specific recognition sites within the molecule known as restriction sites. Therefore, your answer is (a).
11. Since there are only four bases ATCG and we want to place them in 8 places, so statistically there are 4^8 ways of doing it. Therefore your answer is (c)
12. The first step in making cDNA is to convert isolated mRNA to a complementary DNA or cDNA molecule using an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase known as reverse transcriptase. Therefore your answer is (d).
13. For cloning you require origin of replication where replication of the gene of interest will be initiated. You also require restriction nucleases to cut the DNA into fragments. Also, you will require antibiotic resistant gene in your vector which will be your marker gene. This means you will require everything that is listed in the options. Therefore, your answer is (d)
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