QUESTION 1 During mitosis, spindle microtubules attach to ___________ on chromos

Question

QUESTION 1

During mitosis, spindle microtubules attach to ___________ on chromosomes.

Chromatin

Centrioles

Kinetochores

Centrosomes

QUESTION 2

What are caspases?

Misfolded proteins that trigger apoptosis.

Exracellular death-signaling ligands.

Damaged DNA molecules.

Enzymes that digest proteins during apoptosis.

QUESTION 3

What is mitosis?

the process by which cells signal to one another

the process by which cells divide genetic material twice and which leads to the generation of four daughter cells with half the amount of genetic material compared to the parent cell

the process by which cells divide genetic material and which leads to the generation of two daughter cells with the same amount of genetic material as the original parent cell

the process by which DNA is replicated just prior to cell division

QUESTION 4

What stage of mitosis is shown below?

Anaphase

Prometaphase

Telophase

Metaphase

QUESTION 5

Which ONE of the following statements is FALSE regarding Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (Cdks)?

Cdks are degraded after the phase of the cell cycle in which they are used.

Cdks phosphorylate target proteins.

Cdk activation requires binding to Cyclin proteins.

Cdks work with cyclins to trigger passage past cell cycle checkpoints.

QUESTION 6

Mitogens are extracellular signals that _______________.

stimulate cell growth

suppress cell growth

suppress cell death

stimulate cell division

QUESTION 7

Cells of the immune system can trigger apoptosis in infected cells. Which one of the following statements is TRUEregarding the pathway by which immune cells stimulate apoptosis?

Immune cells trigger an apoptosis pathway that uses only executioner caspases.

Immune cells activate death receptors in target cells.

Immune cells trigger an apoptosis pathway that uses only initiator caspases.

Apoptosis triggered by immune cells leads to release of cytochrome C from mitochondria.

QUESTION 8

What is the role of p53 in regulating the cell cycle?

It cleaves cohesin which initiates separation of sister chromatids.

It inhibits Cdc25 which prevents activation of M Cdk-cyclin.

It stimulates transcription of p21, which inhibits activity of G1 Cdk-cyclin.

It activates two kinases - ATM and ATR - which regulate activity of G1 Cyclin.

QUESTION 9

Shown in the picture below are plant cells going through the cell cycle. Click on the cell that is currently in anaphase.

QUESTION 10

What are the major components of a cytoskeleton?

microtubules and polysaccharides

microtubules, intermediate filaments, and actin filaments

intermediate filaments and actin filaments

polysaccharides, intermediate filaments and actin filaments

Chromatin

Centrioles

Kinetochores

Centrosomes

Explanation / Answer

1. Kinetochores.

Two sister chromatids of homologous chromosome are attached at kinetochore and spindle microtubules attach to this.

2. Enzymes that digest proteins during apoptosis.

This enzymes degrade cellular components mainly protein during apoptosis.

3. The process by which cells divide genetic material and which leads to generation of two daughter cells with same amount of genetic material as the original parent cells.

In mitosis cell division cell equally divide it's genetic material and generates daughter cells. It is a type of cell division observed in somatic cell division.

Question 4- No image is there.

5. Cdks are degraded after the phase of the cell cycle in which they are used.

This is the false statement.

Cyclins undergoes degradation and is specific for a specific phase like G1 cyclins for G1 phase. But Cdks are not degraded in every steps.

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