microbiology Explain how changes in a bacterial genome could cause a nonpathogen

Question

microbiology

Explain how changes in a bacterial genome could cause a nonpathogenic bacterium to develop into a pathogen. 49. 50. Aut oclaves use high temperatures and steam to sterilize surgical instruments. When instruments are sterilized they do not contain any bacteria. Explain how Bacillus stearothermophilus, a bacterium within the phylum Firmicutes, can be used to test sterilization within autoclaves. 1. Describe at least one similarity and one difference between the causative agents of syphilis and yaws

Explanation / Answer

49. Changes in the genome can cause a non pathogenic bacterium into pathogenic bacterium. This is because the changes can change the function overall. The bacteria may adhere something which is harmful. However, sometimes bacterium which are otherwise non pathogenic becomes pathogenic when enters the host body.

50. Spores of Bacillus stereothermophilus are used for testing sterilization. They are called biological indicator. This thermophilic bacterium is highly resistant to heat and are used for equipment validation studies to prove that sterilization took place.

51. Causative agent of syphilis is Treponema pallidum and that of yaws is Treponema pertenue. So, both belong to tge same genus, infact, Treponema pertenue is a subspeices of Treponema pallidum. On the other hand Treponema pallidum is sexually transmitted while Treponema pertenue is not sexually transmitted.

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