information about characterisLies Ol ail owledge 1. Using specific examples from
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information about characterisLies Ol ail owledge 1. Using specific examples from the animals you have studied, describe ays that organisms have adapted to specific environments. a. Compare organisms adapted to aquatic environments with those from terrestrial environments b. Compare adaptations of the parasitic Ascaris with the earthworm or clamworm, free-living organisms. Using Web resources, choose an example of a parasitic flatworm and compare morphological differences between this organism and the pla- narian that reflect specific lifestyle adaptations. 2.Explanation / Answer
The animals have evolved over a millions of years and adapted to suit their everchanging habitats. Some group of animals have adapted to terrestrial life and some to aquatic habitat. The major adpatations are highlighted below.
1. Terrestrial adaptations: Example. Monkey
- Respire using well developed lungs
- Have develped arms and legs to run, jump and hold onto trees.
- Have adatped to sense and visualize the light rays in the visible zone which makes them see things very clarity
- Have adpated their gut to suit the terrestrial plants and fruits.
- Have a tail to help in balancing during hopping.
- Have developed fingers for better hold.
2. Aquatic animals: Example. Fish.
- Respire using gills or through skin
- Have streamlined body for better swimming
- Skin is slimy and slippery to reduce the friction in water
- Can sense the prey or predator using smell and hormones.
- Have ability to extract oxygen dissolved in water.
2. Ascaris and Earthworms
Ascaris and Earthworms both are worms which share great deal of similarities and differences. Ascaris is a plastic roundworm which causes ascariasis. The earthworm does not inhabit in human body. It resides in soil and helps to improve soild fertility.
The ascaris can live upto 1 year in human intestine, whereas the earthworm can live upto 2 - 3 years in soil.
Ascaris female lays upto 2,40,000 eggs daily. The earthworm carried both male sperms and female eggs, which makes them hermaphrodites.
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