4. Which of the following statements about ecosystems is TRUE? A) Energy enters

Question

4. Which of the following statements about ecosystems is TRUE? A) Energy enters ecosystems through primary producers. B) An ecological ecosystem is comprised of a group of species that coexists and interact wih each other and abiotic factors in the same area. C) The mumber of trophic levels in most communities is limited by the loss of energy between tropihic levels. D) All ofthe above are true; none is false 5. Which of the following best explains why the marine ecosystem in the diagram below does not have a tertiary consumer but the grassland ecosystem does? A) The energy transfer between the primary producers and the primary consumers is lower in the marine ecosystem than the grassland. B) The ecological efficiency between the primary consumers and Primary producers secondary consumers is higher in the marine ecosystem than the grassland C) The energy transfer between secondary consumers and tertiary consumers in marine ecosystems is too inefficient to support a tertiary consumer. D) Both A&B.; 6. You are part of the Nature Conservancy which has a goal of preserving biodiversity by protecting habitat. You have raised enough money to preserve one of the sites below. Based on the biodiversity of the patches in the table below, if your goal is to protect the land with the highest biodiversity, which site would you preserve? Mammal species Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 B) C) D) Site 2 Site 3 Site 1 and Site 3 are equally biodiverse. All the sites are equally biodiverse. 10 15 55 70 White footed mouse Gray Squirrel 25 12S E) 13 0 Fox Eastern chipmunk 35 35 27 Red Squirrel 7

Explanation / Answer

4. Here the option " All of the above are true ; none is false " is the correct option.

Because energy enters ecosystem through primary producer with the help of sun's energy. Primary producer carries out photosynthesis to produce food for the primary consumer. Also According to the 10 percent law, only 10 percent of the energy from one trophic level is transferred and available to the next trophic level thereby limiting the number of trophic levels in most communities.

5. Here the option " The energy transfer between secondary consumer and tertiary consumer in marine ecosystem is too inefficient to support a tertiary consumer " is the correct option and best explains why the marine ecosystem in the diagram does not have a tertiary consumer.

6. Site 1 is to be preserved because it has the highest biodiversity.

In Site 1 and Site 2, the species richness is same where as in site 3, there is absence of Fox squirrel and Red Squirrel and hence lowers it's species richness and therefore it's biodiversity. Species richness can be measure by using Simpson Index .

Species evenness of site 1 is far more then site 2( some of the species are present in single number) and hence the biodiversity of site 1 is more then site 2.Speciess Evenness can be measured using Shannon Index.

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