this is biomedical homework assignment: 1. The element __________ is essential i

Question

this is biomedical homework assignment:

1. The element __________ is essential in red blood cells as it is able to reversibly bind to oxygen.

2. The element __________ is essential in blood clotting as it is needed to clot properly.

3. In pernicious anemia,  _____________ is too low in the body. It is essential to red blood cell formation, and can lead to anemia as new red blood cell formation is prevented.

4. The hormone  ______________ is secreted from the kidneys and promotes new red blood cell formation.

Here are the choices you have: B12, B6, iron, calcium, potassium, erythropoetin, sodium, vitamin D, Prothrombinase

Explanation / Answer

1) The element iron is essential in red blood cells as it is able to reversibly bind to oxygen. Iron is present in the porphyrin ring structure of haemoglobin where it cycles between it's Fe2+ and Fe3+ oxidation states for temporary binding with oxygen for its transport.

2) The elements Calcium and Prothrombinase are essential in blood clotting as it needs to clot properly. Prothrombinase the complex of activated coagulation factor X and calcium, phospholipid, and modified factor V; it can cleave andactivate prothrombin to thrombin.

3) In pernicious anemia, B12 is too low in the body. It is essential to red blood cell formation, and can lead to anemia as new red blood cell formation is prevented. Pernicious anemia is one of the vitamin B-12 deficiency anemias. It’s caused by an inability to absorb the vitamin B-12 needed for your body to make enough healthy red blood cells.

4) The hormone erythropoetin is secreted from the kidneys and promotes new red blood cell formation. Erythropoietin (EPO) is a hormone produced by the kidney that promotes the formation of red blood cells by the bone marrow. The kidney cells that make erythropoietin are sensitive to low oxygen levels in the blood that travels through the kidney.

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