49. What organism commonly causes diarrhea and gas ships? trointestinal illness

Question

49. What organism commonly causes diarrhea and gas ships? trointestinal illness on cruise a. influenza b. Norwalk/Norovirus c. Herpes d. Salmonella 50. There is a major change in the influenza virus, this would be called? a. antigenic drift b. antigenic shift c. change in ND d. a new species of virus 51. Candida albicans is the causative agent of: a. Valley fever b. A fungal disease outbreak in western Canada, like at Vancouver Island c. Thrush d. Shingles e. Bile duct blockage 52. Which is an animal (particularly cattle in Montana) parasite causing liver damage? a. Dracunculus b. Fasciola hepatica c. Tina capitis d. Trichinella spiralis e. Wuchereria bancrofti 53. Chlorine is an effective disinfectant due to it's? a. Low molecular weight b. High electronegativity c. Hydroxyl group d. High molecular weight e. volatility 54. The most resistant organism below to disinfection is? a. Prion b. Gram negative bacteria C. Enveloped virus d. mycobacterium

Explanation / Answer

49. B. Norovirus.

The virus spreads through contaminated food, water or direct person to person contacts as in Crouse ships, hotels, living quarters.

50. Antigenic shift.

Antigenic shift is an abrupt, major change in the influenza viruses, resulting in new hemagglutinin and/or neuraminidase proteins in influenza viruses that results in the generation of new subtype of virus. Most people lack immunity against this new (novel) subtype which produces disease in most of the people. Such a “shift” occurred in 2009, when an H1N1 virus with a new combination of genes emerged to infect people and quickly spread, causing a pandemic.

51. C. Thrush .

Candida albicans causes thrush or oral thrush in children and sometimes in adults.

52. B. Fasciola hepatic.

It is also called liver fluke and lives as parasite in the liver of sheep and cattle.

53. B. High electronegativity.

54. A prion.

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