Please help with answering these questions in about 200-250 words for each quest

Question

Please help with answering these questions in about 200-250 words for each question for nursing. Thank you. References too please :)

Opiod crisis/addiction is the topic.

1) Opiod addiction introduction.

2) Opiod scope and depth of the problem.

3) Analyze past and present quality initiatives that address the health issue. Include both public and private sources.

4) Hypothesize how existing disparities might be eliminated using alternate ethics principles.

5) Differentiate any religious/spiritual beliefs and values relative to the issue.

6) Assess the past and present impact nurses, including advanced professional/advanced practice nurses, have made in addressing this health issue.

Explanation / Answer

ANSWER 1 ) Opoids are medications used to relieve pain like toothache, injuries, surgeries,cancer pain. It reduces the body's signal of pain towards pain. Addiction is a condition which develops due to misuse or over use of a drug to enjoy the pleasurable effect of the drug. It causes changes within brain in such a way that our body develops a powerful urge to use the drug. Some of the opioid drugs that causes addiction are opium, heroin, codeine, fentanyl,morphine, tramadol etc. The opioid addiction may develop physical, behavioral and psychological symptoms one of which is unability to stop the use of medication. The other symptoms includes depression, constipation, slurred speech, drowsiness, agitation, mood swings, anxiety etc.

ANSWER 2) The incidence of opioid addiction, overdosage and mortality have increased especially among the young population. In United states in past 20 years, the opioid dependency, overdosage deaths and the number of people seeking treatment for opioid dependency have drastically increased. A large number of policy and educational initiatives have been started by the government to help the providers and the consumers to use them more responsibly. The adoption of these policies have been effective in reducing the incidences of opioid dependency.

The deaths related to opioid overdose is also high. It more among male gender, nicotine use, higher prescribed opioid dosage, inaapropriate prescribing procedures and substance abuse history. The death usually results from loss of consciousness and respriratory suppression.

ANSWER 3) In April 2018, NIH launched a program called HEAL(helping to end addiction long-term) which aims to find solution to the national opioid public health crisis. This will utilize the integrated behavioural intervention with medication assisted treatment for opioid use disorders. There are other initiatives made in United States to combat opioid epidemic.

The department of health and human services have focussed on implementing evidence based approaches to reduce opioid overdosage, mortality due to opioid overdosage and prevalence of opioid use disorder.

ANSWER 4) Although a wide range of disparities exist based of caste, religion, race and language but all of them needs to be treated equally with the same ethical standards. The ethics in dealing patients having cultural disparities is very important. The patients who are addicted to opioid have mood swings who may or may not cooperate with the instructed treatment regimen. If the care provider, shows an attitude supportive to certain disparity, then it will increase the non compliance of the patient towards treatment. Patients autonomy during treatment should be respected.Avoid any harm and do good. Provide fair distribution of cost and benefits.

References:

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