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cornerstones 3rd eddition by Hansen, Don R #4 The Leonardo Company had the follo

ID: 2462209 • Letter: C

Question

cornerstones 3rd eddition by Hansen, Don R

#4

The Leonardo Company had the following functional income statement for the month of July 2016:

Sale ($20 x 20,000 units )                                                           $400,000

Cost of goods sold:                            

   Direct materials                                   $60,000

   Direct labor                                            40,000

   Variable factory overhead                   120,000

   Fixed factory overhead                          50,000                       270,000

Gross profit                                                                                $130,000

Selling and administrative expenses:

    Variable                                                  $20,000

    Fixed                                                      $50,000                    $70,000

Operating income                                                                      $60,000

There were no beginning and ending inventories.

Required:

a. Calculate the contribution margin per unit.

b. Calculate the contribution margin ratio.

c. What is the break-even point in units?

d. What is the amount of sales in dollars needed to obtain a before-tax profit of $40,000?

Explanation / Answer

Solving the above equation for x which equals break-even point in sales units, we get:

Fixed cost = $ 100,000

P = $ 20

V = $ 12

Break even sales units = 100,000/8 = 12,500 units

Profit before tax = 40,000

Sales - total cost = Profit before tax

Lets sales unit be X

20X - (12X + 100,000) = 40,000

8X - 100,000 = 140,000

8X = 240,000

X = 240,000/8 = 30,000

Per unit Sale ($20 x 20,000 units )                                       400,000               20 Cost of goods sold:                                Direct materials                                      60,000                 3    Direct labor                                                 40,000                 2    Variable factory overhead                      120,000                 6    Fixed factory overhead                                  50,000                 3 Total       270,000 Gross profit                                                                               130,000 Selling and administrative expenses:     Variable                                                      20,000                 1     Fixed                                                      50,000                 3 Total selling expenses          70,000                 4 Operating income                                                   60,000                 3 Total variable cost               12 Contribution margin = sales price - variable cost Contribution margin 8 Contribution margin ratio 40.0%