e19, has had Crohn\'s disease, affecting the ileum and iejunum, for 5 years and
ID: 242740 • Letter: E
Question
e19, has had Crohn's disease, affecting the ileum and iejunum, for 5 years and has had numerous exacer- Mr. P.T ations. Several members of his extended family have a history of Crohn's disease. , Describe the pathophysiology of Crohn's disease. 2. Suggest several possible exacerbating factors for Crohn's disease. 3. Describe the common signs of an exacerbation. 4. Explain how nutritional deficits may occur with Crohn's disease 5. P.T. has delayed growth. (He is much shorter than his classmates.) Suggest several specific contributing factors to retarded growth in a young persorn. 6. P.T. has developed a fistula between the ileum and the bladder. Describe the effect of a fistula. There is considerable risk of intestinal obstruction developing in P.T. at some point in the near future. 7. Explain how this obstruction could gradually form. Suggest several manifestations, with the reason for each of an acute obstruction in the ileum. 9. Describe the potential complications of an intestinal obstruction that is not treated promptlyExplanation / Answer
CROHN'S DISEASE is one of the chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal disorder..it is a common disorder in smokers than in non-smokers.
1. pathophysiology
the disease begins with oedema and thickening of mucosa which leads to ulceration of mucosa. (lesions are separated by normal tissue) so the cluster of ulcers gives an appearance of cobblestone. these inflammations extend to the peritoneum and form fistulas, fissures and abscess.when the disease advances, bowel wall thickens and becomes fibrotic causes narrowing of the intestinal lumen.
2 risk factors for Crohn's disease
If a first-degree relative has the disease.disease can also be triggered by environmental agents such as pesticides, food additives, tobacco and radiation.nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been found to exacerbate the disease.Allergies and immune disorders are also considered as causes.
3. signs and symptoms
4. occurance of nutritional deficits
due to crampy abdominal pain after meals,(eating stimulates intestinal peristalsis) patient tends to limit food intake,reducing the amounts and types of food to such a degree that normal nutritional requirements are not met.it may result in weight loss ,malnutrition and anemia.disrupted absorption due to ulcers and inflammation causes chronic diarrhea and nutritional deficits.consequently, the person becomes thin and emaciated from inadequate food intake and constant fluid loss.
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