Northwood Company manufactures basketballs. The company has a ball that sells fo

Question

Northwood Company manufactures basketballs. The company has a ball that sells for $36. At present, the ball is manufactured in a small plant that relies heavily on direct labor workers. Thus, variable expenses are high, totaling $21.60 per ball, of which 60% is direct labor cost.

Compute the CM ratio and the break-even point in balls. (Do not round intermediate calculations.)

  

Compute the the degree of operating leverage at last year’s sales level. (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)

  

Due to an increase in labor rates, the company estimates that variable expenses will increase by $2.88 per ball next year. If this change takes place and the selling price per ball remains constant at $36.00, what will be the new CM ratio and break-even point in balls? (Do not round intermediate calculations.)

  

Refer to the data in (2) above. If the expected change in variable expenses takes place, how many balls will have to be sold next year to earn the same net operating income, $144,000, as last year? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest whole unit.)

  

Refer again to the data in (2) above. The president feels that the company must raise the selling price of its basketballs. If Northwood Company wants to maintain the same CM ratio as last year, what selling price per ball must it charge next year to cover the increased labor costs? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)

  

Refer to the original data. The company is discussing the construction of a new, automated manufacturing plant. The new plant would slash variable expenses per ball by 40%, but it would cause fixed expenses per year to increase by 80%. If the new plant is built, what would be the company’s new CM ratio and new break-even point in balls? (Do not round intermediate calculations.)

  

Refer to the data in (5) above.

If the new plant is built, how many balls will have to be sold next year to earn the same net operating income, $144,000, as last year? (Do not round intermediate calculations.)

Assume the new plant is built and that next year the company manufactures and sells 56,000 balls (the same number as sold last year). Prepare a contribution format income
statement

    Last year, the company sold 56,000 of these balls, with the following results:

Explanation / Answer

1a. Contribution = 36 - 21.60 = $14.40

CM ratio = (36 - 21.60) * 100 / 36 = 40%

Break even point (in balls) = $622400 / 14.4 = 43223 balls

1b. the degree of operating leverage = 806400 / 144000 = 5.6

2. Contribution = 36 - 24.48 = $11.52

Break even point (in balls) = $622400 / 11.52 = 54028 balls

3. Balls required to be sold to have profit of $144000 = ($622400 + 144000) / 11.52 = 66528 balls

4.selling price per ball must it charge next year to cover the increased labor costs = $24.48 /60% = $40.80

5.If the new plant is built, the company’s new CM ratio and new break-even point in balls= V.C. = 21.6 (0.6) =$12.96, Fixed cost = $622400 (1.80) = $1120320, Contribution = 36 - 12.96 = 23.04, new break-even point in balls = $1120320/23.04 = 48625 balls

6a. balls will have to be sold next year to earn the same net operating income $144,000=

= ($1120320+144000 )/23.04 = 54875 balls

6b1. Contribution format income statement :

6b2. New Operating leverage = 1290240 / 169920 = 7.59

Sales $2016000 Less: Variable costs 725760 contribution 1290240 Less: Fixed costs $1120320 Net operating income $169920

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